Circulatory System Flashcards
What are the different valves found in the circulatory system
Bicuspid valve (mitral valve) , tricuspid valve, semi-lunar valve, aortic valve and pulmonary valve
Where is the bicuspid valve (mitral valve) and what is it’s function
It’s found of the left side of the heart and it’s function is to prevent blood from going from the left ventricle into the right atrium
Where is the tricuspid valve found and what is it’s function ?
The tricuspid valve is found in the right side of the heart it prevents blood going from the right ventricle to the right atrium
Where is the semi-lunar valve found and what is it’s function
The valve found in veins to ensure a one way flow of blood to the heart.
Where is the aortic and pulmonary valves found and what is their function
They are found at the base of the aorta and the pulmonary artery they ensure no blood flows back into the heart from the aorta and pulmonary artery
What is the importance of the heart being divided into the right and left side and how does it enable the heart to efficiently circulate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
It is important so that deoxygenated and oxygenated blood do not mix. This will ensure that the cells receive oxygen rich blood. Having the heart separated into the left and right side creates coordination when the heart is pumping blood to the lungs and back then to the body and back, it makes sure that deoxygenated blood is always going to the lungs and oxygenated blood is always going to the body.
What are the different types of blood vessels
Arteries, arterioles, venules, veins and capillaries
What are arteries
They are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
What are arterioles
They are smaller arteries at the capillaries that join to make a main artery.
What are veins
They are blood vessels that carry blood to the heart
What are venules
They are smaller veins that are found at the capillaries they are formed when a vein splits into smaller pathways called venules.
What are capillaries
Very thin blood vessels with only one layer of cells to facilitate gaseous exchange
What is the lymphatic system
A back up circulatory system which drains tissue fluid and brings it back to the blood circulatory system via the thoracic duct
What is the difference between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system
The circulatory system is a closed loop whereas the lymphatic system goes one way and is open ended.
Where does the lymph fluid drain to the blood
It drains via the subclavian veins
What do the lymph nodes do
They serve as filters cleansing the lymph fluid and they produce antibodies and certain white blood cells called lymphocytes and monocytes which go to the blood stream
What are the components that make up the lymphatic system
Lymphatic organs (Tonsil, thymus, spleen, Adenoid. Appendix and peyers patch), lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels
What is the function of the lymphatic system
To drain tissue fluid back into the blood and to produce antibodies and certain white blood cells called lymphocytes abs monocytes which help fight against infections etc.
What is blood
Blood is a liquid tissue made up of several different components: plasma, red-blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
What are the components of blood
Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
What is the function of blood
Blood is needed to keep us alive. It brings oxygen and nutrients to all the parts of the body so they can keep working. Blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the lungs, kidneys, and digestive system to be removed from the body. Blood also fights infections, and carries hormones around the body.
What is the blood plasma and what is it’s function
It is a straw coloured liquid consisting of 90% water. The plasma transports the other components and substances like glucose, amino acids, blood proteins, hormones, dissolved gasses and waste products
What is another name for red blood cells
Erythrocytes
What are red blood cells and what is their function
They are the smallest cells in the body, they are round bi-concave discs and contain the red pigment haemoglobin and no nucleus. Their main function is to transport oxygen in the form of oxy-haemoglobin, they also transport carbon dioxide in the form of carbamino-haemoglobin.
What are white blood cells and what is their function
White blood cells are large cells that are responsible for protecting the body against infections and disease.
Where are red blood cells made
In the red bone marrow
How many different types of white blood cells are there
There are five different types of white blood cells, three are made in the red bone marrow and the other two are made in the lymphatic tissue
What is another name for white blood cells
Leucocytes
What are platelets and What is their function
They are cell fragments and are responsible for healing any wounds or damaged areas of the blood vessels. They form a net over the damaged area, which traps redd blood cells and they dry up to form a scab.
What is another name for platelets
Thrombocytes
What percentage of plasma, white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells is in the blood
Blood is 55% plasma, less than 1% white blood cells and platelets and 45% red blood cells
