Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the different valves found in the circulatory system

Answer 1

Bicuspid valve (mitral valve) , tricuspid valve, semi-lunar valve, aortic valve and pulmonary valve

Question 2

Where is the bicuspid valve (mitral valve) and what is it’s function

Answer 2

It’s found of the left side of the heart and it’s function is to prevent blood from going from the left ventricle into the right atrium

Question 3

Where is the tricuspid valve found and what is it’s function ?

Answer 3

The tricuspid valve is found in the right side of the heart it prevents blood going from the right ventricle to the right atrium

Question 4

Where is the semi-lunar valve found and what is it’s function

Answer 4

The valve found in veins to ensure a one way flow of blood to the heart.

Question 5

Where is the aortic and pulmonary valves found and what is their function

Answer 5

They are found at the base of the aorta and the pulmonary artery they ensure no blood flows back into the heart from the aorta and pulmonary artery

Question 6

What is the importance of the heart being divided into the right and left side and how does it enable the heart to efficiently circulate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

Answer 6

It is important so that deoxygenated and oxygenated blood do not mix. This will ensure that the cells receive oxygen rich blood. Having the heart separated into the left and right side creates coordination when the heart is pumping blood to the lungs and back then to the body and back, it makes sure that deoxygenated blood is always going to the lungs and oxygenated blood is always going to the body.

Question 7

What are the different types of blood vessels

Answer 7

Arteries, arterioles, venules, veins and capillaries

Question 8

What are arteries

Answer 8

They are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 9

What are arterioles

Answer 9

They are smaller arteries at the capillaries that join to make a main artery.

Question 10

What are veins

Answer 10

They are blood vessels that carry blood to the heart

Question 11

What are venules

Answer 11

They are smaller veins that are found at the capillaries they are formed when a vein splits into smaller pathways called venules.

Question 12

What are capillaries

Answer 12

Very thin blood vessels with only one layer of cells to facilitate gaseous exchange

Question 13

What is the lymphatic system

Answer 13

A back up circulatory system which drains tissue fluid and brings it back to the blood circulatory system via the thoracic duct

Question 14

What is the difference between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system

Answer 14

The circulatory system is a closed loop whereas the lymphatic system goes one way and is open ended.

Question 15

Where does the lymph fluid drain to the blood

Answer 15

It drains via the subclavian veins

Question 16

What do the lymph nodes do

Answer 16

They serve as filters cleansing the lymph fluid and they produce antibodies and certain white blood cells called lymphocytes and monocytes which go to the blood stream

Question 17

What are the components that make up the lymphatic system

Answer 17

Lymphatic organs (Tonsil, thymus, spleen, Adenoid. Appendix and peyers patch), lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels

Question 18

What is the function of the lymphatic system

Answer 18

To drain tissue fluid back into the blood and to produce antibodies and certain white blood cells called lymphocytes abs monocytes which help fight against infections etc.

Question 19

What is blood

Answer 19

Blood is a liquid tissue made up of several different components: plasma, red-blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

Question 20

What are the components of blood

Answer 20

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

Question 21

What is the function of blood

Answer 21

Blood is needed to keep us alive. It brings oxygen and nutrients to all the parts of the body so they can keep working. Blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the lungs, kidneys, and digestive system to be removed from the body. Blood also fights infections, and carries hormones around the body.

Question 22

What is the blood plasma and what is it’s function

Answer 22

It is a straw coloured liquid consisting of 90% water. The plasma transports the other components and substances like glucose, amino acids, blood proteins, hormones, dissolved gasses and waste products

Question 23

What is another name for red blood cells

Answer 23

Erythrocytes

Question 24

What are red blood cells and what is their function

Answer 24

They are the smallest cells in the body, they are round bi-concave discs and contain the red pigment haemoglobin and no nucleus. Their main function is to transport oxygen in the form of oxy-haemoglobin, they also transport carbon dioxide in the form of carbamino-haemoglobin.

Question 25

What are white blood cells and what is their function

Answer 25

White blood cells are large cells that are responsible for protecting the body against infections and disease.

Question 26

Where are red blood cells made

Answer 26

In the red bone marrow

Question 27

How many different types of white blood cells are there

Answer 27

There are five different types of white blood cells, three are made in the red bone marrow and the other two are made in the lymphatic tissue

Question 28

What is another name for white blood cells

Answer 28

Leucocytes

Question 29

What are platelets and What is their function

Answer 29

They are cell fragments and are responsible for healing any wounds or damaged areas of the blood vessels. They form a net over the damaged area, which traps redd blood cells and they dry up to form a scab.

Question 30

What is another name for platelets

Answer 30

Thrombocytes

Question 31

What percentage of plasma, white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells is in the blood

Answer 31

Blood is 55% plasma, less than 1% white blood cells and platelets and 45% red blood cells