Circulation (Mon 16th) Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the heart important?

A

For blood flow, nutrient transport, heat distribution, immunological defence, regulation of pH, osmolality and hormone transport.

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2
Q

What is CO?

A

The volume of blood pumped per ventricle per minute is known as Cardiac Output (CO)
CO= SV x HR

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3
Q

What is Venous Return?

A

VR: the amount of blood returning from the body to the right ventricle. Under steady state conditions VR = CO

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4
Q

Pressure gradient?

A

Difference in pressure between aorta and vena cava

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5
Q

Structure myocardial muscle cells?

A

-branched, single nucleus, attached to each other by specialised junctions called intercalated discs. Intercalated disks are made of 2 components: desmosome and gap junctions

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6
Q

Pulmonary circulation?

A

Right side – pumps blood to the lungs, then to the left pump (pulmonary circulation).

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7
Q

Systemic circulation?

A

Left side - pumps blood to the rest of the body and back to the right side (systemic circulation)

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8
Q

How much blood does the heart have to pump?

A

Total volume of blood in your body is about 5.5 litres

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9
Q

Functional role of vessels:

A

Functional role of vessels:
Distribution (arteries), arterioles (muscular walls for resistance, cause blood pressure to drop so capillaries can work) exchange (capillaries) and collection (veins)

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10
Q

Average SV per ventricle?

A

75 mils

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11
Q

Blood flow is proportional to pressure gradient means?

A

blood flow depends on intensity of pressure

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12
Q

Specialisations to improve co-ordination: electrical conduction

A
intercalated discs- gap junctions and  desmosomes
 bundle of His - Purkinje fibres  
 annulus fibrosis (fibrous ring that electrically  insulates)
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