Cardiac Cycle and it's Control (Fri 20th) Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac Cycle?

A
  1. Ventricular filling, atrioventricular valves are open but the semi-lunar valves are closed. DIASTOLE
  2. Atria contract, atrioventricular valves are open but the semi-lunar valves are closed. DIASTOLE
  3. Isovolumnic contraction: (Both AV & SL closed) SYSTOLE, but the ventricle is contracting, so called isovolumetric because the volume of blood doesn’t change but the pressure in the ventricle does.
  4. Ventricular Ejection (AV closed, SL open). SYSTOLE, SL opens once pressure in ventricle greater than pressure in aorta / pulmonary artery
  5. Isovolumic Relaxation (both AV & SL closed) DIASTOLE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Max and min pressure changes in aorta?

A

Maximal during systole (peaks at ~120 mmHg), which declines to a minimum during diastole (lowest ~80 mmHg).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How to calculate stroke volume?

A

End-diastolic volume, End-systolic volume (residual volume).

Stroke volume, SV = EDV-ESV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the ejection fraction?

A

Ejection fraction = SV/EDV, normally about 0.6.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What causes the first and second heart sounds (ba- dump)?

A
  1. atrioventricular closing

2. semilunar opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a phonocardiogram?

A

a chart or record of the sounds made by the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dichrotic notch?

A

where the semilunar valve closes causing a slight rebound of blood in aorta.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mean Atrial Pressure

A

DP plus a third (SP-DP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diseases of the valves?

A
  1. Incompetence: leaky, don’t close properly.

2. Stenosis: narrowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly