Circularory Flashcards
Which of the following is not a function of the circulatory system?
Transport of wastes
Regulation of blood sugar
Transport of nutrients
Thermoregulation
The correct answer is Regulation of blood sugar.
Functions of the circulatory system include:
Transport of nutrients
Transport of wastes
Transport of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide
Transport of heat (thermoregulation)
Immunity
Acid base balance
Hemostasis
Which of the following is a function of blood?
Development of secondary sex characteristics
Transport of gases
Excretion of wastes
Movement
The correct answer is Transport of gases.
Blood is a fluid connective tissue. It is made up of plasma and cells. Plasma contains proteins like albumin, globulin, and clotting factors. There are three kinds of blood cells:
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Which type of blood cell transports oxygen?
Polymorphonuclear cells
Platelets
Erythrocytes
Lymphocytes
The correct answer is Erythrocytes.
Erythrocytes transport oxygen. The red blood cells contain hemoglobin. Hemoglobin has four binding sites for oxygen.
Which of the following components of blood is correctly paired with its function?
Granulocyte-production of antibodies
Lymphocytes-acquired immunity
Platelets-transport of gases
Monocytes-clotting
The correct answer is Lymphocytes-acquired immunity.
Leukocytes are responsible for defense.
Which type of blood cell is responsible for clotting?
Platelets
Lymphocytes
Erythrocytes
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
correct answer is Platelets.
Platelets are cellular fragments responsible for blood clotting.
Where does erythropoiesis take place?
Thymus
Red bone marrow
Yellow bone marrow
Heart
The correct answer is Red bone marrow.
Erythropoiesis is the process of producing red blood cells. The red bone marrow produces red blood cells and the process of erythropoiesis is regulated by erythropoietin, a hormone produced by the kidney.
What is the shape of an erythrocyte?
Biconcave
Discoid
Oval
Kidney shaped
The correct answer is Biconcave.
Erythrocytes have no organelles and are biconcave in shape. Their biconcave shape increases their surface area for gas exchange and the thin central portion allows gas to move in and out of the cell quickly.
What is the function of hemoglobin?
Transporting iron
Transporting glucose
Transporting protein
Transporting oxygen
The correct answer is Transporting oxygen.
Hemoglobin is composed of:
Haem – contains iron
Globin – a protein
Which of the following leukocytes is part of the acquired immune system?
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Macrophage
Lymphocyte
The correct answer is Lymphocyte.
The lymphocytes are responsible for acquired immunity.
Acquired immunity allows the immune system to recognize a pathogen and respond to it. It is specific. Each time the acquired immune system encounters the pathogen, it mounts a faster and stronger immune response due to memory cells. Acquired immunity is the second line of defense.
The muscular layer of the heart is called _________.
Epicardium
Myocardium
Pericardium
Endocardium
The correct answer is Myocardium.
The myocardium is the muscular layer of the heart. It is the thickest layer and also the middle layer.
Which of the following describes the cardiac cycle?
The sequence of mechanical events taking place in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next
The sequence of electrical events taking place in the SA node from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next
The sequence of electrical events taking place in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next
The sequence of mechanical and electrical events taking place in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next
The correct answer is The sequence of mechanical and electrical events taking place in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next.
left atrium receives blood from the ______.
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
The correct answer is Pulmonary vein.
The pulmonary artery supplies blood to the __________.
Lungs
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Left atrium
The correct answer is Lungs.
The pulmonary artery sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Which of the following correctly describes the flow of blood through the heart after the vena cava drains into the heart?
Left atrium-left ventricle-pulmonary artery-pulmonary vein-right atrium-right ventricle
Right atrium-right ventricle-pulmonary vein-pulmonary artery-left atrium-left ventricle
Right atrium-right ventricle-pulmonary artery-pulmonary vein-left atrium-left ventricle
Left atrium-left ventricle-pulmonary vein-pulmonary artery-right atrium-right ventricle
The correct answer is Right atrium-right ventricle-pulmonary artery-pulmonary vein-left atrium-left ventricle.
The pacemaker of the heart is the _____________.
AV node
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
SA node
The correct answer is SA node.
