Central Nervous Flashcards
Which system is responsible for receiving information from the environment; processing and integrating the information; initiating a response?
Digestive system
Endocrine system
Circulatory system
Nervous system
Nervous system
The nervous system is divided into two parts, namely ___________ and ____________.
The central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
The central nervous system and spinal cord
The central nervous system and somatic nervous system
The central nervous system and autonomic nervous system
The central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
The correct answer is The central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
Which structure in the nervous system works together with the endocrine system?
Medulla oblongata
Cerebral cortex
Hypothalamus
Pons
Hypothalamus
The correct answer is Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland work with endocrine glands and are often referred to as the neuro-endocrine axis.
What is the function of a neuron?
Phagocytosis
Production of the myelin sheath
Providing nutrients
Generation and transmission of impulses
Generation and transmission of impulses
The correct answer is Generation and transmission of impulses. The nervous system comprises neurons and neuroglia. Neurons generate and transmit impulses. Neuroglia support and protect the neurons.
A neuron has ______________.
Many cell bodies, one dendrite, and one axon
One cell body, many dendrites, and one axon
One cell body, one dendrite, and one axon
One cell body, one dendrite, and many axons
The correct answer is One cell body, many dendrites, and one axon.
A neuron has one cell body, many dendrites, and one axon. The dendrites are extensions of the cell body and receive impulses which they convey towards the cell body. The axon is longer and transmits impulses away from the cell body. The axon terminates as terminal bodies.
The part of the neuron that receives impulses is called ___________.
Myelin sheath
Axon
Cell body
Dendrite
The correct answer is Dendrite.
A neuron has:
One cell body
Processes
Many dendrites: The dendrites are extensions of the cell body and receive incoming impulses which they convey towards the cell body.
The specialized junction from which nerve impulses pass from one neuron to the next is called a _______________________.
Axon terminal
Synapse
Dendrite
Node of Ranvier
Synapse
A synapse is a specialized junction between two nerves. Impulses can move from one nerve (presynaptic neuron) to another (postsynaptic neuron) via neurotransmitters in a chemical synapse
Nervous tissues that support a neuron are called ______________.
Ganglion
Neuroglia
Neurotransmitters
Tract
Neuroglia
The correct answer is Neuroglia. The neuroglia, or glial cells, are non-excitable nervous tissue. Glial cells support the neurons. The glial cells are about five times more abundant than neurons.
Which of the following statements correctly describes the interneuron?
Conveys impulses from the central nervous system
Conveys impulses from sensory neuron to motor neuron
Conveys impulses to the central nervous system
Conveys impulses from visceral organs
The correct answer is Conveys impulses from sensory neuron to motor neuron.
Interneurons, also called association neurons and connector neurons, connect neurons. They are found in the CNS and connect sensory neurons to motor neurons. They are usually multipolar.
Which of the following describes the parts of the brain?
Cerebrum, cranial nerves, spinal nerves, medulla oblongata
Cerebrum, thalamus, pons, midbrain
Cerebrum, spinal cord, hypothalamus, pituitary gland
Cerebrum, basal ganglia, cerebellum, cranial nerves
The correct answer is Cerebrum, thalamus, pons, midbrain.
The brain comprises:
Cerebrum
Thalamus and hypothalamus
Basal ganglia and pituitary gland
Cerebellum
Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata (These three make up the brainstem.)
Which of the following is not a part of the central nervous system?
Spinal cord
Cerebellum
Ganglion
Medulla oblongata
The correct answer is Ganglion.
The ganglion is a collection of cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. It is not a part of the central nervous system.
Which of the following structures is correctly paired with its function?
Pons-memory
Medulla oblongata-posture
Midbrain-behavior
Cerebellum-coordination
The correct answer is Cerebellum-coordination.
The cerebellum lies in the posterior cranial cavity. It lies inferior to the cerebrum and posterior to the pons. It has two hemispheres separated by the vermis. The cerebellum involuntarily coordinates posture, balance, and voluntary muscle movements.
Which of the following correctly describes a motor neuron?
Conveys impulses from the central nervous system
Conveys impulses from glands
Conveys impulses to the central nervous system
Conveys impulses from sensory neuron to motor neuron
The correct answer is Conveys impulses from the central nervous system.
Motor neurons convey impulses from the central nervous system.
Sensory neurons convey impulses to the central nervous system
An impulse from the brain to the knee joint will travel on ___________ neuron.
Somatic sensory
Somatic motor
Visceral motor
Visceral sensory
The correct answer is Somatic motor.
An impulse from the central nervous system is transmitted via motor neurons. Since the impulse is going to a joint, it will travel on a somatic motor neuron.
What kind of neuron is likely to be found in the posterior horn of the spinal cord?
Motor
Sensory
Visceral sensory
Visceral motor
he correct answer is Sensory.
Sensory neurons are found in the posterior horn of the spinal cord.
Which of the following is a function of the peripheral nervous system?
Memory
Learning
Interpretation of sensory impulses
It conveys sensory impulses to the central nervous system
The correct answer is It conveys sensory impulses to the central nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system comprises cranial nerves (except cranial nerves I and II), spinal nerves, autonomic nerves, and ganglia. The functions of the peripheral nervous system are:
Conveying motor impulses to the skeletal muscle
Conveying sensory impulses to the central nervous system
Autonomic function