Circular economy 22 and 23

Question 1

lecture overview (11)

Answer 1

History
Types
waste hierarchy
industrial symbiosis
sustainable materials
cradle to cradle
blue economy
product-life cycle systems
material efficiency
performance economy
circular economy

Question 2

lecture overview economy examples (9)

When I sing carefully blonde people make pineapple cake

Answer 2

waste hierarchy
industrial symbiosis
sustainable materials
cradle to cradle
blue economy
product-life cycle systems
material efficiency
performance economy
circular economy

Question 3

History 1 pre 1960s (3) example

Answer 3

pre 1960s
-industrial revolution - profit driven and production
-by product may help make more profit
-industrial symbiosis
1 factory use output of other - bread-batter - beer – breed fish

Question 4

History 60s and 70s (3) example

Answer 4

60s and 70s
product end of life focus
wellbeing of humans focus as well
impact of actions
-waste management- composting,recycling,toxicity

Question 5

90s (4)

Answer 5

thematisation- life cycle of products and wellbeing of humans
enviro + economics
whole product life time and disribution
circular economy etc - win/win situ

Question 6

operations based (4) and examples of economy (2)

Answer 6

waste quantity issue
reduce waste flows 
reduce waste by recycling
loop is closed when next use found
1) waste hierachy
2)industrial symbiosis

Question 7

metabolism approach (3) examples (3)

Answer 7

materials DESIGNED in parallel to recycling
purity focus
ease of disassembly key therefore reduce products like glue
sustainable materials economy
cradle to cradle
blue economy

Question 8

life cycle approach (3) example (4)

Answer 8

• loops closed if all different phases are completed
• focus on best product at each stage
• info about state of product and location at each point known through lifetime

product life cycle systems
material efficiency
performance economy
circular economy

Question 9

3 approaches

Answer 9

operations based
metabolism
life cycle

Question 10

waste heirachy + examples

Answer 10

Rs 
reduce,reuse,recycle
reuse=longevity response
manage wast-pyramid
extract as much amount of benefit and minimise waste
ie coffee
stainless steel,enamel mug 
sugru=add handle on

Question 11

industrial symbiosis 2 (4 examples)

Answer 11

resources productive in industry fr longer
baker example
business opportunity and reduces demand

caustic soda products can have chlorine and hydrogen

obtain calcium from slurry and also ethylene

ethylene can then be used to form PVC compounds

Question 12

sustainable materials economy author and example

Answer 12

John E. Young and Aaron Sachs

The World Bank is now supporting Lanais Ganda–“Clean and Beautiful”–a Manila-based network of scavengers who comb the city’s trash for reusable items. Thanks to the program, hundreds of people have been able to establish small businesses.

Question 13

cradle to cradle 3 main points (4 examples 2 gd 2 okay)

Answer 13

2 material groups - biodegradable and technological
product design essential - use easily separated materials and minimize
theoretically would lead to NO waste
would emphasize choosing expensive and high energy to produce biodegradable over cheap non biodegradable

examples:
aluminum cup can be fully returned to cup - certified
seed cup - (regrow tree but not effective)
puma shoes (bacteria biodegrade)
nylon can be respun (but not biodegradable)

Question 14

blue economy (3) and author

Answer 14

-connect and combine enviro problems with science solutions based on PHYSICAL PROCESSES in natural world to create enviro benefit and socia lbenefit
focus on value

• GUNTER PAULI
• aim to shift high enrger cost resouces to simpler cleaner and inspire entrepeneurs

Question 15

blue economy author

Answer 15

Gunter Pauli

Question 16

product life cycle
integrate 5 things ?
5 main areas

Answer 16

manage entire life cycle from inception
engineering design,architecture
TO SERVICE AND DISPOSAL of manufactured items
integrate - consumer/business systems/data/ processes / product info

1) systems engineering
2) info and portfolio
3) design
4) manufacturing processes
5) Data management

Question 17

materials efficiency

Answer 17

a description or metric which expresses the degree in which raw materials are consumed, incorporated, or wasted, as compared to previous measures.

in construction or physical processes

Question 18

performance economy briudges gap between what

Answer 18

bridges gap between 2010 lisbo objective of EU

• higher growth,more jobs, more sustainability
• objective- greatly reduce resource consumption

Question 19

performance economy book

Answer 19

book “more from less” - how companies can benefit from techno progress and simuktaneously contribute to sustainable development

decoupling metrics to measure the relation between value/job/resource consumption

Question 20

who developed performance economy concept

Answer 20

Walkter stahl

Question 21

Performance economy idea and examples

7

Answer 21

“rent a molecule”
space station example - products maintained and upgraded but people who manufacture would own
-have all info required
-have technology and can repair/treat

rent a molecule
space station
boris bikes
senseo coffe
edibe mushrooms
biobean

Question 22

if cannot return to service owner what would happen in circular econ:?
what does this require

Answer 22

have product specific route and product is revised by 2nd owner but INFO is losr and 2nd owner not aware of previous trearment - movement from loop to lake(this requires transitions cost)

Question 23

boris bike pro and con

Answer 23

service without own bike good

difficult to ensure good condition and some people dont like riding 2nd hand bike

Question 24

renault example-

Answer 24

the yfixed engines at lower cost and knew how

Question 25

senseo coffee

Answer 25

completely biodegradable coffe pads

Question 26

mushrooms

Answer 26

can be grown of coffe granules for food

Question 27

biobean

Answer 27

ground coffe that can be used as biofuel

Question 28

how do the main 3 approaches

operations,metabolism,life cycle VARY?

Answer 28

1)purpose and benefits 
cradle to cradele - material composition and recycling
performance economy (employ,ment)

2) delivery (prevents - excess use or keeping product going and what happens to loop
closing,slowing,intensifying

Question 29

what happens to loops 3

Answer 29

closing - keeping products in productive cycle
slowing- reducing pace materials flow
intensifying- tapping into underused/unused capacity

Question 30

current world problem

Answer 30

very little of the worlds waste is recycled and only small percentage of economy circular
this MUSTchange

Question 31

dematerialising problem

Answer 31

can compromise srength of material - trade off

ie beer bottles lighter and purer last less long - need to balance this

Question 32

extra examples fo circular econmy) (2)

Answer 32

rent a glass (events)

B and q toolbox - watch vid and get to use expert tools

Question 33

Circular economy definition (wider)

Answer 33

generic term for an industrial economy producing no waste and pollution by design and in which materials flow in 2 types - biological nutrients (can entre biosphere safely) and technical types (should circulate in production ysstem without enter biosphere and are of high quality)