Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 1

What id chronic kidney disease?

Answer 1

Reduced GFR and/or evidence of kidney damae

Question 2

What id chronic kidney disease?

Answer 2

Reduced GFR and/or evidence of kidney damae

Question 3

What factors are used to estimate GFR?

Answer 3

Creatinine
Age
Sex
Race

Question 4

What is creatinine?

Answer 4

Product of muscle breakdown

Question 5

If a petient had a high muscle mass would the GFR be over or underestimated?

Answer 5

Underestimated

Question 6

What is stage 1 CKD?

Answer 6

GFR > 90ml/min with evidence of kidney damage

Question 7

What is stage 2 CKD?

Answer 7

GFR 60-90ml/min with evidence of kidney damage

Question 8

What is stage 3 CKD?

Answer 8

GFR 30-60ml/min
(3A = 45-60ml/min
3B = 30-44ml/min)

Question 9

What is stage 4 CKD?

Answer 9

GFR 15-30ml/min

Question 10

What is stage 5 CKD?

Answer 10

GFR

Question 11

What would indicate that a patient is more likely to progress up stages of CKD?

Answer 11

Proteinuria 
Young (longer to progress)

Question 12

What are the common causes of CKD?

Answer 12

Diabettes 
Hypertension 
Vascular disease 
Chronic glomerulonephritis 
Refle nephropathy 
Polycystic kidneys

Question 13

At what GFR do symptoms tend to occur in CKD?

Question 14

Symptoms of CKD

Answer 14

Tiredness
Poor appetite
Itch
Sleep disturbance

Question 15

What can be done to slow the progression of CKD?

Answer 15

Control BP & proteinuria (ACEi)
Good glycaemic control in diabetes
Stop smoking

Question 16

What factors are used to estimate GFR?

Answer 16

Creatinine
Age
Sex
Race

Question 17

What is creatinine?

Answer 17

Product of muscle breakdown

Question 18

If a petient had a high muscle mass would the GFR be over or underestimated?

Answer 18

Underestimated

Question 19

What is stage 1 CKD?

Answer 19

GFR > 90ml/min with evidence of kidney damage

Question 20

What is stage 2 CKD?

Answer 20

GFR 60-90ml/min with evidence of kidney damage

Question 21

What is stage 3 CKD?

Answer 21

GFR 30-60ml/min
(3A = 45-60ml/min
3B = 30-44ml/min)

Question 22

What is stage 4 CKD?

Answer 22

GFR 15-30ml/min

Question 23

What is stage 5 CKD?

Answer 23

GFR

Question 24

What would indicate that a patient is more likely to progress up stages of CKD?

Answer 24

Proteinuria 
Young (longer to progress)

Question 25

What are the common causes of CKD?

Answer 25

Diabettes 
Hypertension 
Vascular disease 
Chronic glomerulonephritis 
Refle nephropathy 
Polycystic kidneys

Question 26

At what GFR do symptoms tend to occur in CKD?

Question 27

Symptoms of CKD

Answer 27

Tiredness
Poor appetite
Itch
Sleep disturbance

Question 28

What can be done to slow the progression of CKD?

Answer 28

Control BP & proteinuria (ACEi)
Good glycaemic control in diabetes
Stop smoking

Question 29

Production of which hormone decreases in CKD?

Answer 29

Erthyropoietin

Question 30

Complications of CKD

Answer 30

Anaemia
Bone disease
Hyperparathyroidism

Question 31

What is the first line treatment of anaemia caused by CKD?

Answer 31

IV iron

Question 32

If a patient with CKD is still anaemic after IV iron what in the next step?

Answer 32

Epo

Question 33

Whta is the target Hb in CKD?

Answer 33

10.5-12.5

Question 34

Why is bone disease a complication of CKD?

Answer 34

As Vit D is hydroxylated in the kidney

Question 35

ow do patients develop secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD?

Answer 35

Lack of calitriol leads to recued clacium absorption

Question 36

How is bone disease managed in CKD?

Answer 36

Alfacalcidol (hydroxylate Vit D) 
Phosphate 
Phosphate binders (bind to phosphate in the gut to recude absorption)