chronic inflamamtion

Question 1

chronci inflamamtion

Answer 1

Inflammation repair and continued tissue destruction occur simultaneously

Question 2

duraiton of chronic

Answer 2

months/years

Question 3

cuases of chronic

Answer 3

previous acute inflammation which failued to resolve

chronic and lower grade from the outset

Question 4

features of chronic inflammation

Answer 4

• Minimal vascular changes
• infiltration by chronic inflammatory cells – macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells
• repair (vacualr granulaton tissue (fibroblasts making collagen and endothelial cells making blood vessels) may mature to give scarring
• continued tissue destruction ( inflammatory agent or inflammatory cells

Question 5

macrophages

Answer 5

activated bt INF gamma t cells

- involved in phagocytosis, antigen presentation, healing, regulation inflammatory repsonse

Question 6

eosinophils

Answer 6

Resemble neutrophils but have eosinophilic/pink cytoplasm

• contain major basic protein
• this can be damaging to neutrophils as well as the infections

Question 7

tissue destruction

Answer 7

• products of activated macrophages such as free oxygen, proteases
• necrotic tissue promotes further inflammation
• release of enzymes by neutrophils
• cytotoxic cells
• products of microorganisms

Question 8

repair after tissue damage

Answer 8

1) regeneration
2) connective tissue deposition and scar formation
- occurs in tissues not capable of complete regeneration or where there has been prolonged, severe damage

Question 9

granulation tissue consiists of

Answer 9

• fibroblasts (spindle cells which produce collagen)
• endothelial cells (form blood vessels)
• stimulated by growth factors from macrophages

Question 10

granulomatous inflammtion

Answer 10

Distinct pattern of chronic inflammation

• formation of granulomoas
• collection of macrophages and giant cells, surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes
• attempt to wall of the infective material that is difficult to eradicate

Question 11

formaultion of granuloma

Answer 11

• epithelioid macrophages together to form..
• multinucleate giant cells
• lymphocytes

Question 12

types of giant cells

Answer 12

1) forgien body type
disorded nuclei
2) langhans type

Question 13

periapical granuloma

Answer 13

apex of non vitaltooth

granulation tissue and chronic inflammation cells

Question 14

tuberculosis steps

Answer 14

1) T helper cell mediated reponsce
2) produces cytokines eg interferon gamma
3) activates macrophages
4) macrophages activate T cells
5) continual increasing T cell and macrophage repsonce
6) formation of granuloma