Chromosomes Flashcards
Where are chromosomes found?
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus.
What are chromosomes?
Chromosomes are coiled up lengths of DNA molecules.
What do chromosomes carry?
chromosomes carry large numbers of genes.
How many chromosomes are in a human cell?
23 pairs (46 chromosomes).
What is the part of the cell cycle called when the cell divides?
Mitosis is when the cell divides.
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for?
Multicellular organisms use mitosis to grow or replace damaged cells.
What is the end result in mitosis?
At the end of mitosis there is two new identical cells with the same number of chromosomes.
What is the two main stages of the cell cycle called?
the first main stage of the cell cycle is called growth and DNA replication and the other is called mitosis.
How is the DNA presented in a cell that is not divided?
DNA is spread out in long strings when the cell isn’t dividing.
What must the cell do before it divides?
Before the cell divides it must grow and increase the amount of sub cellular structures such as mitochondria.
Why must the cell duplicate its DNA?
The cell must duplicate it’s DNA so that there is one copy for each new cell.
When the DNA is copied what shape of chromosomes does it form?
The chromosomes form X shaped chromosomes.
When is the cell ready for mitosis?
The cell is ready for mitosis when its DNA and contents have been copied.
When the chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell what pulls them apart?
Cell fibres pull the the cell apart when the chromosomes line up at the centre.
What forms around the sets of chromosomes?
Membranes form around the sets of chromosomes which becomes the nuclei of the two cells.
