Chromatin Modification & Epigenetics Flashcards
Epigenetics is defined as…
any process that allowed a phenotypic state to be inherited without any sequence changes to DNA
The epigenetic processes are…?
- Covalent DNA modification
- Modification of the proteinaceous scaffold of DNA
- Assembly of proteins on DNA
The nucleosome is made up of a _ octamer wrapped in _
histone, DNA
What is the barrier of Tc in terms of the nucleosome?
RNA Pol II must overcome histone tails at the entry site and histone-DNA interactions
Nucleosome remodelling mostly involves the adjustment of _
linker DNA
Some Tc-fators can bind to DNA via the _ surface such as _ and _
histone
hormone recepto and NF1
Histone acetylation is associated with the _ of gene expression and is done by _
activation
HATs
Histone _ are associated with transcriptional represion
deacetylases
Histones can be methylated at _ residues and result in _ of gene expression. The chemical process is done by _
lysine/arginine
activation or repression
methyltransferase
Histone methylation is critical for _
heterochromatinization
Genome imprinting is a phenomenon occurring in the _ and leads to _-specific expression of a gene subset
germline
parental
What is the mechanism of genome imprinting?
DNA methylation during gametogenesis
Genome imprinting is maintained during life but is erased in the _ tissue
germinal
Patterns in genome imprinting allow for the ability to distinguish _ vs. _ chromatids
paternal vs. maternal
Condensation in mitosis is achieved by _ & _
cohesin & condensin
