CHRISTIANITY Flashcards
OMNIPOTENT
God is ALL-POWERFUL
BENEVOLENT
God is LOVING and CARING
“For God so love the world he gave us his only son”-John 3:16
JUST JUDGE
God judges people fairly
OMNISCIENT
God KNOWS EVERYTHING
ETERNAL
God ALWAYS EXISTED and will exist forever
TRANSCENDENT
Gos is BEYOND the world
IMMANENT
God is ALWAYS PRESENT in the human world
PERSONAL
God is a PERSON, ALMIGHTY, DIVINE PERSON
TRINITY
Idea that God exists in 3 persons— THE FATHER, THE SON, AND THE HOLY SPIRIT
TRINITY—Nicene Creed
“We believe in one God the Father Almighty…. We believe in one Lord Jesus Christ… We believe in the Holy Spirit”
TRINITY—THE FATHER
God of the Old Testament. Creator of Heaven and Earth. TRANSCENDENT part of God. ‘Father’ is a mark of respect to God
TRINITY—THE SON
The INCARNATION of God in HUMAN FORM— JESUS.Seen as DIVINE AND HUMAN. IMMANENT and PERSONAL part of God. Provides a model for Christian Behaviour in OBEDIENCE to God the Father.
TRINITY— THE HOLY SPIRIT
The PRESENCE of God in the world. IMMANENT yet IMPERSONAL part of God. GUIDES the church.
DAY 1: CREATION
LIGHT and DARKNESS
DAY 2: CREATION
OCEANS, LAND and PLANTS on the land.
DAY4: CREATION
SUN, MOON, and STARS
DAY 5: CREATION
Creature of water and sky
DAY 6: CREATION
Land animals and people
“…the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters. And God said “Let there be light” and there was light”- Genesis 1:2-3
God created the world by acting through the Holy Spirit.
“The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us”-John 1:14
Jesus was referred as ‘The Word’ and makes it clear that Jesus was vital for creation
Genesis Chapter 1
“So God created mankind in his own image…. male and female He created them”
Genesis Chapter 2
“The Lord formed a man from dust of the ground”
“Made a man woman from the rib he created them”
God created humans in His image
Humans are special and they should behave like God by being loving and fair. It also shows that humans are important to God so everyone should be treated with respect
“Rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky and kver every living creature that moves on the ground”
God gave humans dominion over his creation and they can use it as they like
“The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it”
God gave humans STEWARDSHIP of the Earth and expects them to take care of it”
OPPOSING POINT OF THE CREATION
So e people believe with the Big Bang Theory and open to other theories and evolution
EVIL AND SUFFERING— FREE WILL
Evil entered as a result of Adam and Eve’s giving in to temptation and disobeying God by eating the forbidden fruit
EVIL AND SUFFERING
ORIGINAL SIN
It is the idea that every human being was born with a flawed nature and is capable of causing suffering as a result of Adam and Eve’s FALL
HUMAN MADE EVIL
Suffering being brought by people.
ie murder, rape, war, torture.
The person doing this has a choice of doing it or not.
NATURAL EVIL
This kind of evil is cause by the world.
ie disease, floods, earthquakes and hurricanes.
Evil Can Lead People Questioning Their Faith
People might say that God is not benevolent and omnipotent since suffering exists but others would say that God gave us the free will to choose what is right or wrong and so doesn’t want to interfere
Evil Can Lead People Questioning Their Faith
Christians react to evil and suffering in various ways as some see suffering as a test of faith as they believe that God has reasons. They also believe that God is with people in their sufferings and can make people bring them closer to Him
“I know that your laws are righteous and that in faithfulness you have affected me. May your unfailing love be my comfort”-Psalms 119:75:76
Evil Can Lead People Questioning Their Faith
The Book of Job tells about the sufferings that Job endures and how he questioned God. He then came to the conclusion that God is all-powerful and knows what he is doing and that suffering must be accepted because people cant understand the world and God’s plan.
“Though He slay me, yet I will hope in Him”-Job 13:15
Life after death
Idea that the body may die and decay but the soul can live on
Heaven
Heaven is seen as a place of eternal place, a paradise and a place where the saved people go as long as they followed Jesus’ teaching and believe in Him “I am the resurrection and the life . The one who believes in me will live, even though they die”-John 11:25
Christians also believe that the soul goes to heaven even the body is gone “for we know that if the earthly tent we live in destroyed, we have building from gGod, am eternal house in heaven not built by human hands” - 2 Corinthians 5:1
Hell
Place of torment and pain. The final destination of non-believers and those who have led bad lives.
“Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but righteous to eternal life”-Matthew 25:46
The Afterlife
Some doesn’t see heaven and hell real place but sees it as a state of mind. They believe that in Heaven you’ll be happy and in hell you’ll be able to know God’s love— Pope John Paul II said hell is a metaphor of how people rejected God will feel.
The Last Judgement or Judgement Day
Jesus will return to Earth in the Second Coming and everyone who has died will be resurrected “in Christ all will be made alive”. It where humanity will be judged at the Last Judgement “Christ… ascended into Heaven and the sitteth, until he return to judge all Men at the Last day” those that God finds acceptable will go to heave. And the rest will go to hell as in the story of the sheeps and goats in Matthew 25:31-46 “… gathered all nations and He will separate people one from another as Shepherd separates the sheep from the goats… he will place the sheeps from his right and goats in his left”
The Afterlife
Roman Catholics believe in a personal Judgement Day straight after a person dies their actions will be judged and they’ll go to heaven or hell but others dont believe in personal judgement as they believe that the soul must wait to be judged at the Last Judgement
Incarnation
God became a human being as Jesus Christ.
“The word became flesh and made his dwelling among us…”
Incarnation— Nicene Creed
It is stated in the Nicen Creed “he was incarnated from the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary and was made man”
Jesus
The Christ, Messiah and the Anointed one. Christian sees that his time on Earth shows God’s love to humans
Resurrection
When Jesus was brought back to life. It is important to Christians as it dhows that there is life after death—death becomes less frightened. Christians also see the resurrection as further proof that Jesus is the Son of God as he was “…appointed the Son of God in power by his Resurrection from the dead”-Romans 1:4 it also strengthens people’s faith
Ascension
It is when Jesus ‘ascended into heaven’ to be with God the Father. Ascension shows Jesus’s power as he is now “at the right hand of the almighty God”
Jesus’s Death
His suffering and death won forgiveness for everyone and make sure their redemption. He was perfect but God placed all the sins of the world on him at his cruxifixion. Jesus’s actions brought about the reconciliation between God and Humanity—atonement
Some people think….
That Jesus’s death wasn’t required for a loving and merciful God to be able to forgive people’s sin. Some also argue that it was Jesus’s ministry that showed people how to be free from sin—showed them to live in a Godly way. His death also shows God’s love for humankind through his willingness to suffer and die as humans do.
Salvation
Soul being saved from death and sin allowing it to reach heaven. It is only possible through God’s grace— God showing favour to those who haven’t earned it “For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith… it is the gift of God”
Different types of worship
LITURGICAL and NON-LITURGICAL and PRIVATE WORSHIP
Sunday
It is the Lord’s Sabbath Day (the Holy Day of rest)
Sacrament
It is a ceremony carried by a priest through which Christians believe they receive God’s grace. A sign of God’s grace working with them.
Baptism
It is a sacrament that makes someone a member of God’s family and welcomes them to the Church. It is also a way of cleansing people from their original sin that everyone is born with.
Confirmation
It is when a person confirms their faith when they reach reach an age that they can declare it themselves
Eucharist
It is where Christians remember the Last Supper with bread and wine.
Seven Sacraments
Baptism, Confirmation, Reconciliation, Anointing the sick, Matrimony, Holy Orders, and Eucharist
Reconciliation
Confession of sin, following by contrition, penance and absolution. It is how Catholics seek to obtain forgiveness for the sins they commit.
Anointing of the sick
A priest or bishops anoints a seriously unwell person with the oil of the sick. It is where the Holy Spirit renews the person’s faith and strength to cope with their illness and accept suffering
Matrimony
It is when Jesus performs his first miracle at a wedding. It is the union is a way that God blesses the couple, and he also blesses them through one another
Holy Orders
Men are ordained as deacons, priests or bishops
Eucharist
It is the receiving of the body and blood of Christ joins people together in their faith and gives them the strength to live Christian lives and face any problems they may conquer
Prayers
Mentally or vocally communicate with God. “Prayer is the raising of one’s mind and heart to God”. People get comfort when they pray as they believe that God is listening to them.
Informal Prayer
Individual talks to God in their own words. They’re sometimes called “extempore” prayers. This is a type of prayer that is personal and shows connections with God
Christmas
Celebrated by 25th December and how Jesus was born in Bethlehem— where Jesus was worshipped by shepherds after an angel told them that “a Saviour has been born to you; he is the Messiah, the Lord”
Advent…
Significant for many Christians as it’s time they spent getting ready to celebrate Jesus’s birth— a time for prayer and reflection.
Easter
The MOST important festival for Christians since it celebrates Jesus’s victory over death when God raised him back after his crucifixion. It reminds people that God loves them so much that he was willing to suffer death on the cross and gives them hope of eternal life
Lent
It is the 40 days before Easter.
Ash Sunday
It is the first day of Lent. Ash is put on believers’ foreheads to show they’re sorry for their sins.
Palm Sunday
The Sunday before Easter when Christians remember Jesus’s triumphant entry into Jerusalem. Marks the beginning of the Holy Week
Maundy Thursday
Commemorates the Last Supper held in the night before Jesus died
Good Friday
Recalls Jesus’s crucifixion
Easter Eggs
It is associated with Easter as a symbol of new life.
Evangelism
Spreading the Christian message with aim of converting people. They believe that by evangelizing they can help people discover their real purpose in life and find salvation.
