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Junior Cert Science > Chpt 4 Food And Diet > Flashcards

Chpt 4 Food And Diet Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Can plants make their own food?

A

Yes

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2
Q

What is food needed for?

A
  • energy

- material for growth

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3
Q

What are the 5 major food nutrients?

A
  • carbohydrates
  • proteins
  • fats
  • vitamins
  • minerals
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4
Q

What does a balanced diet consist of?

A

He correct amount of each of the 5 major minerals and water

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5
Q

What are the functions of water?

A
  • its an excellent solvent

- it allows substances to be transported

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6
Q

What are the different types of carbohydrates, their functions and their sources?

A
  • sugar -> energy -> fruit, honey, milk, soft drinks
  • starch -> energy -> potatoes, pasta, bread
  • cellulose (fibre) -> helps prevent constipation ->green veg, cereals
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7
Q

What are the functions and sources of protein?

A

-growth and repair of cells, to make muscle and cells -> lean meat, egg white, soya, nuts and fish

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8
Q

What are the functions and sources of fats?

A

-store of energy and insulation -> butter, milk, cheese, oils

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9
Q

What are the functions and sources of the different minerals?

A
  • vitamin C -> healthy skin and gums, lack of it causes scurvy -> citrus fruits (oranges, kiwis, lemons, limes)
  • vitamin D -> build strong bones and teeth, lack of it causes rickets -> cheese, milk, yogurt
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10
Q

What are the different functions and sources of minerals?

A
  • iron -> makes red blood cells, lack of it causes anaemia -> red meat, liver, cabbage
  • calcium -> healthy bones and teeth -> milk, cheese, tinned salmon
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11
Q

What do you use to test for the presence of starch?

A

Iodine solution -> it turns blue black when starch is present and browny yellow when its not

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12
Q

What is used to test for glucose?

A

Benedict’s solution -> it turns brick red when glucose is present

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13
Q

What is used to test for protein?

A

Biuret solution/ copper sulfate solution -> it goes from blue to a purple/violet colour when protein is present

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14
Q

Look at page 19,20 and 21 for experiments

A

On food

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15
Q

What is energy measured in?

A

Kilo joules (J) per gram

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16
Q

What is the energy value for fats?

A

38kj/g

17
Q

What is the energy value for carbohydrates?

A

17kj/g

18
Q

What is the energy value for protein?

A

17kj/g

19
Q

What is the energy value for vitamins?

A

Okj/g

20
Q

Where do most foods have their energy value?

A

On the label, they are give in kj per 100 grams of the food.

21
Q

What is the RDA for energy for boys and girls ages 12-15?

A

Girls: 9,600kj
Boys: 11, 700kj

22
Q

Look at pg 22

A

For experiment

23
Q

What are some things a balanced diet depends on?

A
  • age
  • sex
  • physical activity
24
Q

What is malnutrition?

A

When a person does not have a balanced diet.
Too much food = obesity
Too little food= anorexia

25
Q

What is the on bottom level of the food pyramid and how much should you eat of it?

A

It is the fruit and veg group and you should have 5-7 servings a day
-e.g. Carrots, broccoli, tomatoes, apples, bananas, orange juice

26
Q

What is the on second (from the bottom) level of the food group and how much should you eat of it?

A

Cereal and potato group and you should have 3-5 servings a day.
-e.g. Pasta, potatoes, brown bread

27
Q

What is the on third (from the bottom) food group and how much should you eat of it?

A

Milk, yoghurt and cheese group and you should have 5 servings if you are 9-18 yrs old or otherwise 3

28
Q

What is the on fourth (from the bottom) level and how much of it should you have?

A

Meat, poultry, eggs, fish and beans and you should have 2 servings a day

29
Q

What is on the fifth (from the bottom) level and how much should you eat of it?

A

Fats, spreads and oils and you should have it in very small amounts

30
Q

What is at the top of the pyramid and how often should you eat it?

A

Foods and drinks high in fat, sugar, and salt and you should have it maximum once or twice a week

Junior Cert Science (7 decks)

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