Chpt 4 Food And Diet

Question 1

Can plants make their own food?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

What is food needed for?

Answer 2

• energy

- material for growth

Question 3

What are the 5 major food nutrients?

Answer 3

• carbohydrates
• proteins
• fats
• vitamins
• minerals

Question 4

What does a balanced diet consist of?

Answer 4

He correct amount of each of the 5 major minerals and water

Question 5

What are the functions of water?

Answer 5

• its an excellent solvent

- it allows substances to be transported

Question 6

What are the different types of carbohydrates, their functions and their sources?

Answer 6

• sugar -> energy -> fruit, honey, milk, soft drinks
• starch -> energy -> potatoes, pasta, bread
• cellulose (fibre) -> helps prevent constipation ->green veg, cereals

Question 7

What are the functions and sources of protein?

Answer 7

-growth and repair of cells, to make muscle and cells -> lean meat, egg white, soya, nuts and fish

Question 8

What are the functions and sources of fats?

Answer 8

-store of energy and insulation -> butter, milk, cheese, oils

Question 9

What are the functions and sources of the different minerals?

Answer 9

• vitamin C -> healthy skin and gums, lack of it causes scurvy -> citrus fruits (oranges, kiwis, lemons, limes)
• vitamin D -> build strong bones and teeth, lack of it causes rickets -> cheese, milk, yogurt

Question 10

What are the different functions and sources of minerals?

Answer 10

• iron -> makes red blood cells, lack of it causes anaemia -> red meat, liver, cabbage
• calcium -> healthy bones and teeth -> milk, cheese, tinned salmon

Question 11

What do you use to test for the presence of starch?

Answer 11

Iodine solution -> it turns blue black when starch is present and browny yellow when its not

Question 12

What is used to test for glucose?

Answer 12

Benedict’s solution -> it turns brick red when glucose is present

Question 13

What is used to test for protein?

Answer 13

Biuret solution/ copper sulfate solution -> it goes from blue to a purple/violet colour when protein is present

Question 14

Look at page 19,20 and 21 for experiments

Answer 14

On food

Question 15

What is energy measured in?

Answer 15

Kilo joules (J) per gram

Question 16

What is the energy value for fats?

Answer 16

38kj/g

Question 17

What is the energy value for carbohydrates?

Answer 17

17kj/g

Question 18

What is the energy value for protein?

Answer 18

17kj/g

Question 19

What is the energy value for vitamins?

Answer 19

Okj/g

Question 20

Where do most foods have their energy value?

Answer 20

On the label, they are give in kj per 100 grams of the food.

Question 21

What is the RDA for energy for boys and girls ages 12-15?

Answer 21

Girls: 9,600kj
Boys: 11, 700kj

Question 22

Look at pg 22

Answer 22

For experiment

Question 23

What are some things a balanced diet depends on?

Answer 23

• age
• sex
• physical activity

Question 24

What is malnutrition?

Answer 24

When a person does not have a balanced diet.
Too much food = obesity
Too little food= anorexia

Question 25

What is the on bottom level of the food pyramid and how much should you eat of it?

Answer 25

It is the fruit and veg group and you should have 5-7 servings a day -e.g. Carrots, broccoli, tomatoes, apples, bananas, orange juice

Question 26

What is the on second (from the bottom) level of the food group and how much should you eat of it?

Answer 26

Cereal and potato group and you should have 3-5 servings a day. -e.g. Pasta, potatoes, brown bread

Question 27

What is the on third (from the bottom) food group and how much should you eat of it?

Answer 27

Milk, yoghurt and cheese group and you should have 5 servings if you are 9-18 yrs old or otherwise 3

Question 28

What is the on fourth (from the bottom) level and how much of it should you have?

Answer 28

Meat, poultry, eggs, fish and beans and you should have 2 servings a day

Question 29

What is on the fifth (from the bottom) level and how much should you eat of it?

Answer 29

Fats, spreads and oils and you should have it in very small amounts

Question 30

What is at the top of the pyramid and how often should you eat it?

Answer 30

Foods and drinks high in fat, sugar, and salt and you should have it maximum once or twice a week