Chpt. 3 Vocab KTR Flashcards
Unitary System of Government
- Central government has all the power
- Local units may have some power at some times, dependent on central unit
Federal System of Government
- Political system in which authority is divided between different levels of government
- Each level has independent power of other levels
Enumerated Powers
- Article I, Section 8
- Gives Congress power to make all laws that are “necessary and proper” to carry out its powers
- Lists basic powers of legislation (coin money, navy, etc.)
“Necessary and Proper Clause”
-Used to justify powers that were previously not used by Congress
Supremacy Clause
- Article VI; states that Constitution and laws made in accordance with it are supreme law of land
- National law must be followed
Dual Federalism
-Argues that national and state levels are distinct and operate separately in own spheres of power
Cooperative Federalism
- National and state levels are interdependent; each level requires cooperation of the other to accomplish
- National government more dominant
Concurrent Powers
-Powers that both levels of government can exercise
Devolution
-State powers were being passed back out to the state
McCulloch v. Maryland
- Maryland cannot tax bank
- Bank can be created by Congress if it chooses to do so (Thanks, Marshall)
Gibbons v. Ogden
- Marshall ruled that New York did not have power to create steamboat monopoly; national power rules
- Interstate commerce decided by feds
Categorical Grant
-Provides detailed instructions, regulations, compliance requirements for states in specific policy areas
Block Grants
Combines broad program requirements and regulations with funding from federal treasury; give states considerable freedom in using funds in broad policy areas
Nullification
Idea that states can render national laws null if they disagree; national government never recognized this law
Unfunded Mandates
-Imposes specific policy requirements on states but does not provide way to pay for activities
