Chpt. 2 Vocab KTR

Question 1

Confederation

Answer 1

Established system in which each state retains almost all power to do as it wills; state is sovereign to federal government

Question 2

Federalism

Answer 2

Gives central government its own source of power; also gives independent power to the states

Question 3

Federalist

Answer 3

• Generally wealthy elite; wanted strong government to ensure stability/protect property
• Virginia Plan

Question 4

Anti-Federalists

Answer 4

• Strong-state, weak-central-government option

- New Jersey Plan

Question 5

Virginia Plan

Answer 5

• Created by James Madison; Edmund Randolph endorsed it
• Large, populous state; proposed strong national government run by two legislative houses (directly by people, other combination of state legislatures)

Question 6

New Jersey Plan

Answer 6

• Reinforcement of Articles of Confederation

- Multiperson executive, state would have one vote, delegates chosen by state legislature

Question 7

Great Compromise

Answer 7

• Proposed strong federal structure headed by central government; power to tax citizens, regulate commerce, conduct foreign affairs, organize military, and exercise other central powers
• Single executive; House of Reps, Senate two votes

Question 8

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 8

• Formula developed by Confederation Congress to allocate tax assessments
• Each slave count as three-fifths of a person (ALL other persons who are not free)

Question 9

Separation of Powers

Answer 9

-Legislative, executive, and judicial powers are not exercised by same person or group of people

Question 10

Checks and Balances

Answer 10

-Allows each branch to police the others

Question 11

Bicameral Legislature

Answer 11

• Both houses must agree to all legislation
• House: 25, 7 years; last 2 years; based on population
• Senate: 30, 9; last 6 years; election by state legislature

Question 12

Electoral College

Answer 12

• Intermediary body that selects president

- Citizens vote for slate of electors, cast vote for candidates 6 weeks prior to general election

Question 13

Judicial Review

Answer 13

-Allows Supreme Court to rule that an act of Congress on executive is unconstitutional

Question 14

Amendability

Answer 14

• Founders provided method for amendment
• Amendment proposed by 2/3 of Houses in Congress or convention called by Congress with 2/3
• Approved by legislature in 3/4 of states or ratifying conventions in 3/4 of states

Question 15

The Federalist Papers

Answer 15

• Written by Publius; actually written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay
• Purpose was to convince readers of purpose of federalist government

Question 16

Factions

Answer 16

• Groups of people motivated by a common interest; however different from country as a whole
• Problematic when they are in the majority

Question 17

Bill of Rights

Answer 17

-List of protections against government infringement