Chpt 3- Reinforcement

Question 1

Law of effect

Answer 1

In any given situation, the probability of a behavior occurring is a function of the consequences that behavior has had in that situation in the past. OR Behavior is a function of its consequences.

Question 2

Reinforcement

Answer 2

The procedure of providing consequences for a behavior that increase or maintain the frequency of that behavior.

Question 3

Reinforcer

Answer 3

An event that, when made contingent(dependent) on a behavior, increases or maintains the frequency of that behavior.

Question 4

Positive and Negative Reinforcer:

Answer 4

Positive reinforcer/ a reinforcing event in which something is added following a behavior.

Negative Reinforcing: a reinforcing event in which something is removed following a behavior.

Question 5

Primary vs Secondary Reinforcers:

Answer 5

Primary: Reinforcers that are not dependent on their association with other reinforcers. (Oxygen, food, water).

Secondary: Reinforcers that are dependent on their association with other reinforcers (

Question 6

Contrived vs Natural reinforcers

Answer 6

Contrived: Reinforcers that have been arranged by someone for the purpose of modifying behavior.

Natural: Reinforcers that have not been arranged by someone for the purpose of modifying behavior: spontaneous or unplanned reinforcers

Question 7

Rules for reinforcement

Answer 7

1. Define the farther behavior
2. Select appropriate reinforcers
3. Make reinforcement immediate and certain
4. Monitor results

Question 8

Problems with reinforcement

Answer 8

• inappropriate Use

Bootleg reinforcement : Reinforcement that is not part of, and tends to undermine, an intervention.

Negative Side Effects: