Chapter 11 - Counterconditioning

Question 1

Pavlovian conditioning

Answer 1

Any procedure by which an event comes to elicit a response by being paired with an event that elicits that response.

Food - unconditional stimulus
Salivating it induced an unconditional response.
Bell that elicit salivating = conditional stimulus
Salivating at the sound of the bell= conditional response

Question 2

Counterconditioning

Answer 2

The use of Pavlovian conditioning to undo the adverse effects of earlier conditioning.

Question 3

Desensitization Training

Answer 3

Any form of counterconditioning that reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event.
Or
Counterconditioning is used to reduce the strength of a negative emotional response to a particular kind of situation.

This is accomplished by pairing the stimulus that elicits a negative emotional reaction with another stimulus that elicits a positive emotional reaction.

Question 4

Systematic Desensitization

Answer 4

A form of Desensitization training in which the client repeatedly imagines anxiety-arousing situations while relaxed.
The client progresses systematically through a hierarchy of more and more disturbing situations, typically without ever experiencing great anxiety.

Question 5

In Vivo Desensitization:

Answer 5

A variation of systematic desensitization in which the anxiety-arousing situations to which the person is exposed to are real, rather than imagined.

Question 6

Self- Desensitization:

Answer 6

To undergo the procedure without the help of a therapist.

It is the idea that people can teach themselves relaxation etc on their own

Question 7

Sensitization Training :

Answer 7

Any form of counterconditioning that reduces inappropriate positive response to an event

Question 8

Aversion Therapy

Answer 8

A form of sensitization training in which a stimulus that arouses an inappropriate positive response is paired with an aversive stimulus.

Used especially in the treatment of drug abuse/ criminal sexual behavior.

Question 9

Scallop effect

Answer 9

The Scallop effect occurs when responding is very slow or nonexistent immediately following reinforcement, then progressively increases and is finally rapid just before another reinforcement is due.