chpt 26: repro Flashcards
structures in the male repro sys
- testes
- sys of ducts
- semen
- penis
- accessory glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourthreal glands)
- supporting structures (scrotoum and penis )
overall function of testes
primary sex organ that produces sperm and secretes hormones
which structure is responsible for
- Transport and storing sperm
- assist in sperm maturation
- convey sperm to exterior
sys of ducts
what is semen made of
sperm and secretions provided by accessory gland
function of interstitial (leydigs cells)
produce testosterone
which testis structure is responsible for producing sperm
seminifeerous tubules
function of sertoli cells
- create tight junction to form blood-testis- barrier
- support, protect and nourish sperm
- have phagocytize
location of phagocyte
excess in spermatid cytoplasm
function of phagocytize
- control movement of spermatogenic cells
- release sperm into lumen of seminiferous tubule
- produce fluid for sperm transport
- secrete inhibin
what hormone is responsible for decreasing rate of spermatogenesis and regulating effects of testosterone and FSH
inhibin
what structure us the uncoiled and larger diameter of the epidimysis
ductus vas deference
what is the dilated portion of the ductus vas deference’s called
ampulla
function of vas defence
- ## conveys sperm during arousal from epididmyis toward urethra
which female repro structure is similar to the vas deference
Fallopian tube / ova duct
what does the duct of the seminal vesicle and the ampulla of vas deferens combine to form
ejaculatory duct
function of ejaculatory duct
eject sperm + seminal vesicle secretion b/f release to exterior
where does the ejaculatory duct end
prostatic urethra
what structure is the passage way for semen and urine in males
urethra
membranous intermediate urethra location
b/w prostatic urthre and spongy penile urethra
which urethra ends at the external urethrall office
spongy penile urethra
what does the seminal vesicle secrete
- alkaline fluids
- fructose
- prostaglandins
- clotting proteins
alkaline fluid function
- help neutralize acidic environment
what is responsible for semem coagulation after ejaculation
clotting proteins
fructose and critic acid function
- used for atp production by sperm
what seminal vesicle secretion helps with sperm motility and viability and may stimulate muscular contraction within repro tract
- prostaglandins
function of bulbourethral/ cowers glands
- secrete alkaline substance
- secrete mucus that lubricates
what structure secretion are milky and contain citric acid, several proteolytic enzymes and seminal plasin
prostate
what breaks down clotting proteins forms seminal vesicle
proteolytic enzymes (PSA, pepsinogen, lysosomes, amylase, and hyaluronidase
function of seminal plasmin
- destroys bacteria
sperm count
50-150 million sperm/ mL
function of seminal fluid
- provide sperm w transportation medium
- protect against hostile acidic environment
- provide sperm with nutrients
tunica albuginea
- part of penis
- surrounds 3 cylindrical masses of tissues
name of the 2 dorsolateral masses of the penis
corpora canvernosa
what penis structure contains the spongy urethra and keeps it open during ejaculation
corpus spongiosum
volume of semen
2.5-5mL
what covers the surface of ovary
germinal epithelium
location of tunica albugninea
deeply to germinal
what structure of the ovary contains ovarian follicles
ovarian cortex
ovarian medulla structure
deep to cortex
- contains bv, lymphatic vessels and nerves
what consist of oocytes
ovarian follicles
when do follicular cells form
when surrounding cells forms a single layer
how many layers of surrounding cells are present to form granular cells
many
what is a large fluid filled follicle that is ready to rupture and expel its secondary oocyte
mature (gruafian) follicle
corpus lutem function
- produce estrogen, pogestrone, relaxin and inhibin
what contains remnants of a mature folic after ovulation
corpus lutem
when is the courpus Albanians formed
when the corpus lutes degerntaes
what causes the release of ovum and cause female Bodily changes
- estrogen
hilum function
- point of exit and entrance for bv and nerves
what oocyte gets fertilized
secondary
where does fertilization occur?
uterine/ Fallopian tubes / ova ducts
location of uterine/ Fallopian tubes / ova ducts
between broad ligaments
infundibum is close to
ovaires
what is the widest and longest portion of the uterine/ Fallopian tubes / ova ducts
ampulla
isthmus function in ovary
joins uterus
what are the three layers of the uterine/ Fallopian tubes / ova ducts
mucosa , muscularis and serosa
where is the uterine cavity
inferior of the body of the uterus
inferior of the narrow cervix is referred to as
cervical canall
internal OS is
where the cervical canal opens into the uterine cavity
where does the cervical canal open to the vagina
- external OS
what are the three layers of the uterus
- endothelium
- myoterium
- perinetrium / serosa
which layer of the uterus is high vascularized and shed during periods
endothelium’s stratum funcationlis
function of stratum basalis located in the endomyterium
gives rise to new stratum functionlis
name of middle layer of the uterus that contains smooth muscles fibers
myometrium
permetrium / serosa is the ___ of the uterus layers
- outer layer
function of broad (paired) ligaments
- attach uterus to pelvic cavity
- attaches ovary by mesoovarium
what ligaments connects the uterus to the sacrum
uterosacrcal (paired)
function of cardinal (lateral cervical)
- extends from pelvic wall to cervix and vagina
which ligament extends from inferior uterus to uterine/ Fallopian tubes / ova ducts to portion of labia majora
round ligaments
function of ovarian ligaments
- attach ovary to uterus
what ligaments attaches ovary to pelvic wall
suspensory ligament
function of centric cells in the vagina
antigen presenting cells (immune? )
what makes the vagina acidic
decomposing glycogen in the mucosa layer
vulva is
exterrnal genital
what structure cushions the pubis symphysis and is an elevation of adipose tissue covered by skin and hair
mons pubis
what structure in the female repro is like the scrotum (has hair, fat, oil and apocrine sweat glands)
labia majora
labia minora
inner part with no hair and fat and few glands `
which male structure is the labia minora similar to
spongy urethrea
what is formed when the labia minora unites covers the body of the clitoris
prepuce of clitoris `
where are oil glands on boobs
areola
what are closely spaced lactiferous glands called
nipples
what produces milk
alveoli
lactiferous sinus function
stores milk
what supports the breast
- coopers ligaments
name of erectile tissue in male
corpora canversa (2) and corpus spongiosum
