Chpt 12 Flashcards
Atmospheric pressure which is pressure created by the weight of the atmosphere is ______ at sea level
14.7 psi
As you move up in elevation from sea level and the atmosphere thins or lessens, this supply pressure decreases : the pressure drops approximately ____ for every 1000 ft of elevation above sea level
0.5 psi
The atmospheric pressure at your drafting site is the maximum supply pressure for
Drafting
Is any pressure less than atmospheric pressure
Vacuum
A fire pumper in good condition should be able to develop a vacuum equal to about ______
22 inches
Is the height that a column of water can be lifted in a quantity considered sufficient to provide reliable fire flow
Dependable lift
It is generally considered to be 15 ft
Dependable lift
Is the process of removing air from a fire pump and replacing it with water
Priming
A ____ is a positive displacement pump used to remove the air from the pump during priming
Priming pump
The ____ is a small tank that holds the lubricant for the priming pump
Primer oil reservoir
It is generally located slightly higher than the pump and often enclosed behind an access panel on the side or the top of a fire apparatus
Primer oil reservoir
The best way to assess the operational readiness of the priming system is to conduct a ____ periodically
Vacuum test
A fire pump that retains any vacuum for ____ should prime and draft water easily in most situations
5 minutes
Is a vital part of any fire incident and can become a major part of the incident management system in scenarios where a reliable public water or private water system is not available
Water supply management
Position reports to the operations section chief and is responsible for ensuring that an adequate supply of water is available to mitigate the incident
Water supply officer
When drafting water is the chosen method for providing that supply, the ____ of the static water source becomes a primary consideration in the process of selecting an appropriate drafting site
Reliability
The first consideration in determining the reliability of a static water source is to estimate the _____ of water available
Quantity
Calculating available water in a non moving source
Q= LxWxDxC
Calculating available water in a moving source
Q= WxDxVxC
The next step in determining the reliability of a static water source is to consider the ______ of the water in the static source
Quality
Never walk on ice without a personal flotation device and safety line unless you know for certain the water is less than
Waist deep
Clearly it is a good idea to identify drafting sites during _____ efforts rather than waiting for a fire to force you to find one in an emergency situation
Preplanning
The installation of ____ should be considered in areas where access is difficult or when a location would make an ideal drafting site that could be used frequently
Dry hydrants
Dry hydrants can be required, in local fire prevention codes to be installed by the property owner to provide quick access to _____
Static water supplies
Consider placing _____ near static water sources whenever accessing these sources with a fire pumper is not possible
Portable pumps
May be used when the water is not deep enough to allow the use of conventional hard sided drafting supply lines
Floating pumps
Another option for drafting from relatively shallow flowing water sources is to place a ___ in a stream bed
Dam
Whenever you have multiple, strong options for possible drafting sites, the best choice, is determined by the _____
Location and the purpose of the drafting operation
The next step in the process of obtaining a water supply from a static water source is establishing a pumping operation from a
Draft
The first step in establishing a drafting operation is to locate an _____
Appropriate water source
The ____ is most commonly used for deep water sources in which you are confident that the strainer will not be able to contact the bottom of the source or large debris fields
Barrel strainer
Are cylindrically shaped, generally 10 inches to 16 inches long, and made of aluminum
Barrel strainers
Is designed for use in clean, shallow water sources
Low level strainers
A ____ is used primarily when drafting from a portable tanks because the water is free from debris and the strainer can touch the bottom without fear of dirt or silt entering the pump
Low level strainer
Is designed to operate below the surface scum and above weeds, dirt, and silt in the water source
Floating strainer
This type of strainer is ideal for water sources in which the depth or the bottom quality is unknown
Floating strainer
When you are using a barrel strainer, there should be at least _____ of water in all directions around the strainer
24 inches
The low level and floating strainers are designed to operate in shallow conditions and require only ______ of water depth
24 inches
The first step is preparing to draft from a water source is to find the _____
Water source
A _____ is a small diameter hoseline that remains in the open position and continues flowing water during the entire drafting operation
Dump line
Another problem you may encounter during drafting operations is ________, which occurs when you attempt to flow water faster than it is being supplied to the pump
Cavitation
Cavitation during drafting operations is usually caused by a _____, which introduces air into the intake water supply
Vacuum leak
The second leading cause of cavitation is a ____
Plugged intake screen
Failure of the pump to prime is one of the most common problems that occurs during _____
Drafting operations
The fire pump on your fire apparatus should prime in _____ or less in most cases
30 seconds
Often a worn tank to pump valve will be the source of a
Vacuum leak
Establishing an uninterrupted ____ is one of the most important objectives for any IC
Water supply
In many rural or remote areas of a jurisdiction, water must be carried to the fire scene in an operation called a ____
Water shuttle
A ____ is a location where the tankers can get their water tanks filled, such a hydrant, a pond, a lake, or a river.
Fill site
A ____ is where the tanker can offload the water
Dump site
A _____ is any location at which a tanker can be filled, such as a hydrant, pond, a lake, or a river.
Fill sites
It is wise to select a drafting site that, if possible allows tankers in the shuttle operation to enter and exit without having to
Back up or turnaround
Fill sites utilizing a _____ are often the most reliable due to their unobstructed access and the quantity and quality of the water they offer
Hydrant
Using a hydrant as a fill site can be a very simple operation, especially if you find a suitable hydrant that has a flow pressure of at least ____
50 psi
Establishing a suitable drafting site for a portable pump requires ____ of water in all directions around the strainer and enough hose to get the water to the fill site
24 inches
When an inaccessible area will serve as a fill site, the use of some type of portable pump that discharges water into a portable tank is a highly practical means of obtaining a ______
Water supply
Tankers are specialized types of fire apparatus that carry several hundred or several thousand gallons of water which can weigh more than _______
80,000 pounds
The location at which the shuttled water will be off loaded is called a
Dump site
Large parking lots and fields that are flat and smooth can make excellent locations for
Dump sites
The ideal _____ location is close enough that the source pumper can supply the attack pumper without a relay pumper but not close that the tankers cannot access it
Dump site
Are usually carried on tankers and should hold as much water as the capacity of the tanker will allow
Portable tanks
Provide a source of water that is free from debris and not subject to the effects of stream currents and unknown shore soil conditions
Portable tanks
The ____ is a large opening sometimes as large as 12 to 16 inches that is connected directly to the tank and allows it to be emptied quickly, in some cases less than one minute
Dump valve
Once the tanker is positioned at the dump site, unloading it through a ____ is the easiest strategy to implement
Dump valve
In older tankers, the water is released ____ by personnel at the dump tank. This is one of the most common methods used to offload a tanker
Manually
The main objective in moving water from one tank to another when using multiple tanks is to keep the main portable tank _____
Full
After the source pumper has established a draft from this static source water supply, all efforts should be taken to prevent air from being introduced into the pump which explains why it is preferred that dumping operations are done in one tank while the drafting takes _____
Place in another
Establishing a smooth ____ will improve efficiency and increase safety around the dump site the tankers will need to make fewer moments if they do not have to back up to reposition themselves for offloading
Traffic pattern
All tankers should travel the same path to enter and then exit the
Dump site
A _____ that flows in a semi circular direction will be the most efficient because the vehicles will not be traveling on the same roadway in opposite directions
Traffic plan
The operation of offloading a tanker into another tanker or into a pumper as form of a water source is called a
Nurse tanker operation
A ____ is set up when there is no room to establish a dump site, relay operation, or a combination of the two
Nurse tanker operation
The ideal nurse tanker is the ______ tanker that is available, as it will serve as the primary source of water for the fire attack operation
Largest
Tractor trailer tankers which can carry as much as _____ of water are very good choices for this operation because they can be supplied by smaller tankers through a second nurse tank operation
6000 gallons
Water supply officers should be given ___ at any scene
Top priority
Is responsible for establishing the dump site, creating traffic patterns, and ensuring that the source pumper at the site has a sustained water supply
Dump site officer
Is responsible for establishing the fill site location ensuring that the water source for filling the tankers will meet the demand and creating the traffic patterns in and out of the fill site
Fill site officer
When you check the primer oil level in the reservoir, you should also confirm that the _____ is not clogged
Anti siphon hole
This very small hole is found in the fitting on top of the primer oil reservoir or in the top of a loop in the lubrication line leading to the priming pump
Anti siphon hole
Several factors must be considered when you are determining the reliability of a static water source namely, ________,_________, and ______in the static water source
Accessibility, quantity of water available and quality of the water
That is the vertical distance from the water level to the center of the fire pumper
Lift
It is also wise to select a drafting site that allows water tenders in a shuttle operation to be filled without having to _____
Back up or turnaround
Before you start supplying water to handlines, master streams, or a relay pumping operation, you will need to establish a
Dump line
Most portable pumps will flow water at a maximum rate of _____ so using a dump line will not be possible
250 gpm
A ______ involves moving tankers full of water from the fill site to the dump site with the empty tankers then returning to the fill site
Water shuttle operation
Many tanks are equipped with two drains so that they can be hooked together; otherwise a ____ may be used to move the water from one tank to another
Jet siphon
When only one tank is being used, the tanker operator must use care not to dump the water on or near the strainer, as introduction of the water creates ______ when it enters the tank
Air turbulence
