Chp.2 summary

Question 1

Bohr model

Answer 1

assumes electrons to be particles orbiting the nucleus in discrete paths

Question 2

Wave Mechanical Model

Answer 2

assumes electrons to be wavelike and treat electron position in terms of a
probability distribution

Question 3

four electron quantum numbers

Answer 3

n, l, ml, and ms

Question 4

quantum number n

Answer 4

electron orbital size

Question 5

quantum number l

Answer 5

orbital shape

Question 6

quantum number ml

Answer 6

number of electron orbitals

Question 7

quantum number ms

Answer 7

spin moment

Question 8

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 8

each electron state can accommodate no more than two electrons, which must have opposite spins

Question 9

For ionic bonds, how are electrically charged ions formed?

Answer 9

by the transference of valence

electrons from one atom type to another.

Question 10

Covalent bonding

Answer 10

when there is a sharing of valence electrons between adjacent atoms

Question 11

Relatively weak van der Waals bonds result from

Answer 11

attractive forces between electric

dipoles, which may be induced or permanent.

Question 12

three primary bonding types:

Answer 12

covalent–ionic, covalent–metallic, and metallic–ionic mixed bonds

Question 13

Correlations between bonding type and material class:

Answer 13

Polymers—covalent, Metals—metallic,
Ceramics—ionic/mixed ionic–covalent,
Molecular solids—van der Waals,
Semi-metals—mixed covalent–metallic,
Intermetallics—mixed metallic–ionic