Chp. 4 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

allotropy

A

The possibility of the existence of two or more different

crystal structures for a substance.

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2
Q

anion

A

A negatively charged ion

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3
Q

atomic packing factor (APF)

A

The fraction of the volume of a

unit cell that is occupied by hard-sphere atoms or ions.

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4
Q

body-centered cubic (BCC)

A

Within the cubic unit cell, atoms

are located at corner and cell center positions.

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5
Q

Bragg’s law

A

A relationship that stipulates the

condition for diffraction by a set of crystallographic planes.

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6
Q

cation

A

A positively charged ion.

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7
Q

coordination number

A

The number of atomic or ionic nearest

neighbors.

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8
Q

crystallinity

A

The state in which a periodic and
repeating atomic arrangement is achieved by molecular chain
alignment.

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9
Q

diffraction (x-ray)

A

Constructive interference of x-ray beams

scattered by atoms of a crystal.

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10
Q

face-centered cubic (FCC)

A

Within the cubic unit cell, atoms

are located at all corner and face-centered positions.

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11
Q

hexagonal close-packed (HCP)

A

The HCP unit cell is of hexagonal geometry
and is generated by the stacking of close-packed
planes of atoms.

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12
Q

octahedral position

A

The void space among close-packed, hardsphere

atoms or ions for which there are six nearest neighbors.

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13
Q

polymorphism

A

The ability of a solid material to exist in more

than one form or crystal structure.

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14
Q

tetrahedral position

A

The void space among close-packed, hardsphere

atoms or ions for which there are four nearest neighbors.

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