CHP 7 EXTINCTION AND DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT

Question 1

Operant extinction

Answer 1

responding that meets a reinforcement contingency (a normally reinforced behavior) no longer produces the reinforcer and, as a result, it falls to baseline (no reinforcer) levels

Question 2

Positive reinforcement extinction

Answer 2

a response no longer produces the presentation of a consequence

Question 3

Negative reinforcement extinction

Answer 3

a response no longer causes an aversive stimulus to be removed or reduced

Question 4

escape extinction

Answer 4

responding that meets the negative reinforcement contingency (a normally reinforced behavior) no longer removes or reduces the aversive event. As a result, responding decreases to baseline (no-reinforcer) levels

Question 5

Partial Reinforcement Extinction Effect (PREE)

Answer 5

direction relation between prior reinforcement rate and how quickly behavior undergoes extinction (high rate of reinforcement–>behav quickly declines to baseline levels, low rate of reinforcement –> slow behavior decrease to baseline levels)

Question 6

Motivation

Answer 6

the more the reinforcer is needed, the more persistent behavior will be during extinction

Question 7

Spontaneous recovery of operant behavior

Answer 7

temporary resumption in operant responding following time away from the extinction setting

Question 8

Effects of extinction

Answer 8

Primary: behavior extinguishes

Secondary: extinction-induced emotional behavior; extinction burst; extinction-induced variability; extinction-induced resurgence

Question 9

Extinction-induced emotional behavior

Answer 9

emotional behavior increases when extinction occurs (secondary effect of operant extinction)

Question 10

Extinction burst

Answer 10

a temporary increase in the rate, magnitude, or duration of the previously reinforced response (secondary effect of operant extinction)

Question 11

Extinction-induced variability

Answer 11

an increase in the variety of operant responses topographies following extinction (try different behaviors once the behavior no longer triggers a reinforcer) (secondary effect of operant extinction)

Question 12

Extinction-induced resurgence

Answer 12

when one operant behavior is extinguished, other (different) behaviors that were previously reinforced are emitted again (trying other behaviors that were once previously reinforced when the current reinforced behavior isn’t working) (secondary effect of operant extinction)

Question 13

Functional analysis of behavior

Answer 13

the scientific method used to 1) determine if a problem behavior is operant; 2) identify the reinforcer that maintains that operant

Question 14

Automatic reinforcer

Answer 14

a consequence that’s directly produced by the response (not provided by someone else) and which increases the behavior above a no-reinforcer baseline

Question 15

Differential reinforcement

Answer 15

a procedure in which a previously reinforced behavior is placed on extinction while a 2nd behavior is reinforced (dec in the 1st behavior, inc in the 2nd)

Question 16

Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)

Answer 16

the other behavior is a response that’s topographically incompatible with the behavior problem (a behavior that’s impossible to do whilst doing the problem behavior)

Question 17

Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)

Answer 17

the reinforced response can be any adaptive behavior

Question 18

Functional communication training (FCT)

Answer 18

problematic demands for attention are extinguished while appropriate requests are established + reinforced

Question 19

Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)

Answer 19

reinforcement is provided contingent upon abstaining from the problem behavior for a specified interval of time (presumably while the “other behavior” is occurring)

Question 20

Differential reinforcement of variability

Answer 20

responses, or patterns of responses, that have either never been emitted or have not been emitted in quite some time are reinforced and repetition of recent response topographies are extinguished

Question 21

Differential reinforcement of high-rate behavior (DRH)

Answer 21

low-rate responding is put on extinction and high-rate responding is reinforced

Question 22

Differential reinforcement of low-rate behavior (DRL)

Answer 22

responding quickly is extinguished and responding slowly is reinforced