CHP 12 ANTECEDENT STIMULUS CONTROL

Question 1

antecedent stimulus

Answer 1

an observable stimulus that’s present before the behavior occurs

Question 2

discriminated operant behavior

Answer 2

operant behavior that’s systematically influenced by antecedent stimuli

Question 3

SD (discriminative stimulus)

Answer 3

an antecedent stimulus that can evoke a specific operant response because the individual has learned that when the SD is present, that response will be reinforced

Question 4

SΔ

Answer 4

an antecedent stimulus that decreases a specific operant response because the individual has learned that when the SΔ is present, that response won’t be reinforced (extinction)

Question 5

SDp

Answer 5

an antecedent stimulus that decreases a specific operant response because the individual has learned that when the SDp is present, that response will be punished (it’s a warning stimulus that suppresses the response, when it’s removed the punishable behavior increases in probability)

Question 6

the 3 terms of the 3-term contingency

Answer 6

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

Question 7

Discrimination training

Answer 7

a procedure in which an operant response is reinforced in the presence of an SD and extinguished in the presence of an SΔ

Question 8

Discrimination training of African rats

Answer 8

Rats are reinforced when they identify (behavior) a landmine (SD) and not reinforced when they identify (behavior) a non-mine (SΔ)

IF mine AND identify –> THEN no reinforcer
IF non-mine AND identify –> THEN no reinforcer

Question 9

generalization

Answer 9

occurs when a novel stimlus resembling the SD evokes the response, despite that response never having been reinforced in the presence of that novel stimulus

Question 10

stimulus-generalization gradients

Answer 10

bell curves, the closer it resembles the SD, the more they respond

Question 11

Tactics for promoting generalization

Answer 11

1) teach behaviors that can will contact natural contingencies of reinforcement
2) train diversely (multiple teachers, settings, etc.)
3) arrange antecedent stimuli that will cue generalization

Question 12

stimulus-response chain

Answer 12

the fixed sequence of operant responses, each evoked by a response-produced SD

Question 13

Task analysis

Answer 13

a precise specification of the sequence of antecedents, responses, and consequences that comprise a stimulus-response chain

Question 14

backward chaining

Answer 14

the final link in the stimulus-response chain is taught first and once that link is mastered, additional links are added in reverse order

Question 15

forward chaining

Answer 15

teaching links in the stimulus-response chain in the order they will need to be emitted

Question 16

Prompting

Answer 16

an antecedent stimulus that facilitates or guides the desired response when it’s not happening under appropriate discriminative-stimulus control

Question 17

Types of prompts

Answer 17

Physical: hand-over-hand; response guiding
Stimulus: provides a “hint” at the desired response
Modeling: therapist demonstrates how to make the desired response while the client watches

Question 18

Fading

Answer 18

the gradual removal of a prompt as the response is increasingly emitted under discriminative-stimulus control