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A&P > Chp 6 Central & Peripheral NS > Flashcards

Chp 6 Central & Peripheral NS Flashcards

1
Q

List three major functions of the nervous system

A

Sensory input, integration, motor output

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2
Q

List the components of the central nervous system

A

The brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

A

Sends neural impulses to the skeletal muscles to initiate and control the development of muscle tension and movement of our body parts

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4
Q

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

A

Interprets sensory impulses received from the skin, internal organs, muscles, joints

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5
Q

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

A

Responsible for vision

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6
Q

What is the function of the temporal lobe?

A

Speech, hearing, vision, memory and emotion

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7
Q

List the three major parts of the diencephalon & their functions

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus

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8
Q

List the three major parts of the brain stem & their functions

A

Midbrain, Pons & medulla oblongata

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9
Q

List the three tissues that make up the meninges from outermost to innermost

A
  1. Dura mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Pia mater
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10
Q

List the components of the peripheral nervous system

A
  • 12 pairs of cranial nerves

- 31 pairs of spinal nerves

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11
Q

Name & function of…

I

A

Olfactory- smell

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12
Q

Name and function of…

II

A

Optic- sight

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13
Q

Name and function of…

III

A

Oculomotor- eye movements

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14
Q

Name and function of…

VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear- hearing, balance

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15
Q

Name and function of…

IX

A

Glossopharyngeal- throat muscle movements, taste

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16
Q

Name and function of…

X

A

Vagus- autonomic control of heart, lungs, digestion, taste, communication between brain and organs

17
Q

List the four types of spinal nerves from superior to inferior

A
  1. Cervical plexus
  2. Brachial plexus
  3. Lumbar plexus
  4. Sacral plexus
18
Q

List the 4 nerve plexuses and the major body areas they serve

A
  1. Cervical plexus- C1-C5 (diaphragm, skin, muscle of neck/shoulder)
  2. Brachial plexus- (skin & muscle of shoulder)
  3. Lumbar plexus- L1-L4 (skin of medial and anterior thigh)
  4. Sacral plexus- L4-L5; S1-S5 (hamstring, knees, lower legs)
19
Q

Describe the following Trumatic brain injury:

Concussion

A

Sight and transient brain injury

20
Q

Describe the following Trumatic brain injury:

Contusion

A

Trumatic injury the destroys brain tissue

21
Q

Describe the following Trumatic brain injury:

Cerebral Edema

A

After head injury, retention of water by brain

22
Q

Describe the following Trumatic brain injury:

Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)

A

Results when a brain region is deprived of blood or exposed to prolonged ischemia

23
Q

Describe the following Trumatic brain injury:

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

A

A mini stroke fleeting symptoms of CVA

24
Q

Describe the following disease of the nervous system:

Alzheimer’s disease (senile dementia)

A
  • Progressive loss of brain function with major consequences for memory, thinking and behavior
  • early onset: before 60
  • late onset: after 60
25
Q

Describe the following disease of the nervous system:

Multiple sclerosis

A

Chronic, slowly progressive disease of the central nervous system that destroys the myelin sheath of nerve cell axons

26
Q

Sulcus

A

A groove b/w adjacent gyrion on the outer surface of the brain

27
Q

Gyrus

A

A curved, raised area on the brain

28
Q

Central sulcus

A

Landmark separating the parietal lobe from the front lobe

29
Q

Longitudinal fissure

A

Deep groove that separates two hemispheres

30
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Clear watery fluid that fills the space b/w arachnoid membrane and the pia mater

31
Q

Afferent nerve

A

Sensory transmitters that send impulses from receptors in the skin, muscles and joints

32
Q

Efferent nerve

A

Motor transmitters that carry impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands

33
Q

Mixed nerve

A
  • contain both a afferent & efferent axons

- conduct both incoming sensory info and outgoing muscle commands in the same bundle

A&P (5 decks)

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