chp 4 test

Question 1

types of electromagnetic radiation in order (electromagnetic spectrum)

Answer 1

radio waves
microwaves
infrared radiation
visible light
ultraviolet radiation
x-ray
gamma radiation

Question 2

radio waves

Answer 2

least harmful

longest wavelength
shortest frequency

Question 3

gamma radiation

Answer 3

most harmful

shortest wavelength
highest frequency

Question 4

colors of visible light listed in order of increasing energy

Answer 4

ROYGBIV

red
orange
yellow
green
blue
indigo
violet

Question 5

colors of visible listed in order of decreasing energy

Answer 5

VIBGYOR

violet
indigo
blue
green
yellow
orange
red

Question 6

wavelength

Answer 6

the distance from one crest to the next

Question 7

frequency

Answer 7

the number of waves that pass by a given point every second

Question 8

how are wavelength and frequency inversely related?

Answer 8

longer wavelength we have shorter frequencies

shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies

Question 9

electromagnetic radiation problems

Answer 9

c = yv
e = hv

Question 10

photoelectric effect

Answer 10

if the red light traveled as a wave, eventually the metal would have soaked up enough energy and conducted a current (but it didn’t)

only the purple light generated a current because only its bundles of energy are energetic enough to cause the electrons to move

conclusion: light travels in a stream of particles called photons

light has a dual wave particle nature: sometimes it travels as a wave and sometimes it acts like a stream of particles

Question 11

quanta

Answer 11

a “hot” object that radiates energy in small, specific amounts (proposed by max planck)

Question 12

photon

Answer 12

a quanta of light

Question 13

quantized vs continuous

Answer 13

quantized- only certain, specific values are possible

continuous- any value is possible

Question 14

spectroscopy

Answer 14

the identification of atoms by studying the emission spectra

Question 15

emission spectrum

Answer 15

the series of lines that is seen through a spectroscope as an element is heated

Question 16

excited state

Answer 16

when electrons gain energy and go to a higher energy level

Question 17

ground state

Answer 17

when electrons lose energy and go to a lower energy level

Question 18

heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

Answer 18

the position and speed of a moving object cannot both be measured at the same time

the act of observing the electron changes its behavior

electrons should not be thought of as well defined orbits

Question 19

bohr model problems

Answer 19

it only works for hydrogen

could not explain the line spectra or elements with more than one electron

treats electrons as particles

Question 20

similarities between the bohr model and the quantum model

Answer 20

the idea of quantized energy levels

Question 21

orbit vs orbital

Answer 21

orbital- a region around the nucleus when an electron with a given energy is likely to be found; a high region of probability, not a definite location

orbit- a region around the nucleus when an electron with a given energy is certain to be found; a definite location

Question 22

principle quantum number

description

Answer 22

describes the energy level of the orbital (bohr label as n)

Question 23

principle quantum number

possible values

Answer 23

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Question 24

orbital (angular momentum quantum number

description

Answer 24

describes the shape of the orbital

Question 25

orbital (angular momentum) quantum number

possible values

Answer 25

s
p
d
f

Question 26

magnetic quantum number

description

Answer 26

describes the orientation of the orbital on the x/y/z axis

Question 27

magnetic quantum number

possible values

Answer 27

x
y
z

Question 28

spin quantum number

description

Answer 28

describes the spin of the electron(s)

Question 29

spin quantum number

possible values

Answer 29

1/2

-1/2