Chp 14 Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy

Question 1

Bone

Answer 1

Organ made up of connective tissue with a dense outer layer and spongy inner layer

Question 2

Periosteum

Answer 2

Outermost layer of the bone, made up of fibrous tissue

Question 3

Compact Bone

Answer 3

Dense, hard layers of bone tissue lie underneath the periosteum

Question 4

Cancellous Bone

Answer 4

Contains little spaces like a sponge and is encased in layers of compact bone (also called spongy bone)

Question 5

Endosteum

Answer 5

Membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone

Question 6

Diaphysis

Answer 6

Shaft of the long bones

Question 7

Epiphysis

Answer 7

End fo each long bone

Question 8

Bone marrow

Answer 8

Material found in the cavities of bones

Question 9

Red marrow

Answer 9

Thick, bloodlike material is found in flat bones and the ends of long bones; location of blood cell formation

Question 10

Yellow marrow

Answer 10

Soft, fatty material found in the medullary cavity pf long bones

Question 11

Vertebral column

Answer 11

Made up of bones called vertebrae or vertebra through which the spinal cord runs

Question 12

Cervical Vertebrae (C1 to C7)

Answer 12

First set of seven vertebrae, forming the neck

Question 13

Vertebral column

Answer 13

Made up of bones called vertebrae or vertebrae through which the spinal cord runs

Question 14

Thoracic Vertebrae (T1 to T12)

Answer 14

Second set of 12 vertebrae

Question 15

Lumbar vertebrae (L1 to L5)

Answer 15

Third set of five larger vertebrae, forms the inward curve of the spine

Question 16

Sacrum

Answer 16

Next five vertebrae, whihc use together to form a triangular bone positioned between the two hip bones, forming joints

Question 17

Coccyx

Answer 17

Four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

Question 18

Laminae

Answer 18

Flat plates of bone that form the vertebral arch, the posterior portion of the spinal canal

Question 19

Clavicle

Answer 19

Collarbone

Question 20

Scapula

Answer 20

Shoulder blade

Question 21

Acromion process

Answer 21

Extension of the scapula, which forms the superior point of the shoulder

Question 22

Sternum

Answer 22

Breastbone

Question 23

Xiphoid process

Answer 23

Lower portion of the sternum

Question 24

Humerus

Answer 24

Upper arm bone

Question 25

Ulna and radius

Answer 25

Lower arm bones

Question 26

Olecranon process

Answer 26

Projection at the proximal end of he ulna that forms the bony point of the elbow

Question 27

Carpal bones

Answer 27

Wrist bones

Question 28

Metacarpal bones

Answer 28

hand bones (also called metacarpus)

Question 29

Phalanx

Answer 29

Finfer and toe bones

Question 30

Pelvis

Answer 30

Made up of three bones fused together (also called pelvic bones and hip)

Question 31

Ischlum

Answer 31

Lower, posterior potion of the pelvis on which one sits

Question 32

Ilium

Answer 32

Upper, wing-shaped part on each side of the pelvis

Question 33

Publs

Answer 33

Anterior potions of the pelvis

Question 34

Acetabulum

Answer 34

Large socket in the pelvis for the head of the femur

Question 35

Femur

Answer 35

Upper leg bone

Question 36

Tibia and fibula

Answer 36

Lower leg bones

Question 37

Patella

Answer 37

Kneecap

Question 38

Tarsal bones

Answer 38

Ankle bone

Question 39

Calcaneus

Answer 39

Heel bone

Question 40

Metatarsal bones

Answer 40

Foot bones

Question 41

Joint

Answer 41

Junction of two or more bones, which often allows for movement of these bones (also called articulation)

Question 42

Cartilage

Answer 42

Firm connective tissue primarily found in joints.

Question 43

Meniscus

Answer 43

Crescent-shaped cartilage found in some joint, including the knee

Question 44

Intravertebral disk

Answer 44

Cartilaginous pad found between the vertebrae in the spine

Question 45

Pubic symphysis

Answer 45

Cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones come together anteriorly at the midline

Question 46

Synovia

Answer 46

Fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities, bursae, and around thee tendons

Question 47

Bursa

Answer 47

Fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another

Question 48

Ligament

Answer 48

Flexible, tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another at a joint

Question 49

Tendon

Answer 49

Band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Question 50

Aponeurosis

Answer 50

Strong sheet of tissue acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone

Question 51

Muscle

Answer 51

Tissue composed of specialized cells with the ability to contract to produce movement

Question 52

Fascia

Answer 52

Band or sheet of connective tissue that encloses muscles and separate their layers

Question 53

Skeletal muscles

Answer 53

Located in internal organs such as the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract

Question 54

Smooth muscles

Answer 54

Located in internal organs such as the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract

Question 55

Cardiac muscle

Answer 55

Forms most of the walls of the heart