Cholinergics vs anticholinergics Flashcards
Bethanechol
Cholinergic
Carbachol
Cholinergic
Pilocarpine
Cholinergic used in glaucoma
Methacholine
Cholinergic used to induce a bronchial challenge test
Neostigmine
Cholinergic
Pyridostigmine
Cholinergic used in myasthenia gravis
Edrophonium
Cholinergic
Physostigmine
Cholinergic used in glaucoma and atropine overdoses
Donepezil
Cholinergic used to improve Alzheimer dementia
Rivastigmine
Cholinergic
Galantamine
Cholinergic
Atropine
Anti-Cholinergic (parasympathemimetic)
used in myasthenia gravis, symptomatic unstable sinus bradycardia, uveitis, anticholinesterase poisoninf and scorpion stings
disinhibits parasympathetics by blocking them and allowing sympathetic stimulation
Scopolamine
Anti-Cholinergic
Tropicamide
Anti-Cholinergic
Benztropine
Anti-Cholinergic used to decrease extrapyramidal symptoms and to decrease Parkinson effects
Biperiden
Anti-Cholinergic
Trihexyphenidyl
Anti-Cholinergic
Oxybutynin
Anti-Cholinergic
Tolterodine
Anti-Cholinergic
Solifenacin
Anti-Cholinergic
Dicyclomine
Anti-Cholinergic
Darifenacin
Anti-Cholinergic
Ipratropium
Anti-Cholinergic used to induce bronchodilation
Tiotropium
Anti-Cholinergic
How is acetylcholine synthesized, excreted and Degraded
- acetyl CoA is added to choline by choline acetyltransferase
- excreted into synaptic cleft by vesicular exocytosis
- Acetylcholinesterase breaks down the ACh into acetyl coA and choline, which is recycles into the presynaptic neuron via choline/ Na trasporter
how do organophosphates relate to cholinergics and what is the antidote
they cause excessive activation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors
(all faucets turned on)
Give atropine to block excessive ACh
Give Pralidoxime to regenerate cholinesterase and decrease ACh levels in nicotinic receptor stimulation
Describe anticholinergic syndrome
Dry mouth, warm, flushed skin, thirst, tachycardia, arrhythmias, mydriasis (dilated pupils), confusion, and agitation
