cholinergic agonists and anticholinergics

Question 1

cholinergic agonists

Answer 1

parasympathomimetics
drugs that stimulate PNS
mimic acetylcholine

Question 2

cholinergic receptors

Answer 2

muscarinic
-affect smooth muscle
nicotinic
-affect skeletal muscles

Question 3

effects of cholinergic agonists

Answer 3

parasympathetic
constrict pupil
constrict bronchioles
decrease heart rate
dilate blood vessels
increase peristalsis
contract bladder
increase salivation

Question 4

direct-acting cholinergic agonists

Answer 4

selective to muscarinic receptios
located in smooth muscle

Question 5

metoclopramide

Answer 5

direct-acting CA
increase gastric emptying
treat GERD, nausea

Question 6

pilocarpine

Answer 6

direct-acting CA
constrict pupils
treat narrow-angle glaucoma

Question 7

bethanechol chloride

Answer 7

direct-acting CA
increase urination
treat urinary retention

Question 8

bethanechol side effects

Answer 8

blurred vision
hypotension
bradycardia
nausea
vomiting
bronchoconstriction
salivation increase
sweating
abdominal cramps

Question 9

bethanechol contraindications

Answer 9

bradycardia
COPD
hypotension
peptic ulcer
Parkinsons
hyperthyroidism

Question 10

indirect-acting cholinergic agonist

Answer 10

inhibit cholinesterase
allow acetylcholine to activate muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors

Question 11

effects of indirect-acting cholinergic agonist

Answer 11

skeletal muscle contracts
increase tone
gi motility
miosis
urination
bronchial constriction

Question 12

indirect-acting cholinergic agonist side effects

Answer 12

bradycardia
asthma
peptic ulcers

Question 13

indirect-acting cholinergic agonist contraindications

Answer 13

intestinal and urinary obstruction

Question 14

anticholinergics for motion sickness

Answer 14

antihistamines
scoploamine
motion sickness, n,v
transdermal patch delivers dose for three days

Question 15

anticholinergics for motion sickness side effects

Answer 15

tachycardia
hypotension
dry mouth
constipation
flushing
blurred vision
weakness
drowsiness
urinary retention

Question 16

anti parkinsonism anticholinergics

Answer 16

Parkinson’s disease and pseudo parkinsonism
benztropine
biperiden
trihexyphenidyl
decreases involuntary muscle movement

Question 17

use of reversible cholinesterase inhibitiors

Answer 17

pupil constriction in glaucoma
increase muscle strength in myasthenia gravis

Question 18

Side effects of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 18

bradycardia
hypotension
hypersalivation
blurred vision
gi distress
cramps

Question 19

reversible cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 19

neostigmine (progestimin) short-acting
pyridostigmine (mestinon) intermediate-acting
ambenonium chloride (mytelase) long acting
edrophonium (tensilon) used in dx of MG

Question 20

Antidote for anticholinergic toxicity

Answer 20

physostigmine

Question 21

anticholinergics

Answer 21

Inhibit action of acetylcholine by occupying acetylcholine receptor sites

Question 22

effects of anticholinergics

Answer 22

increase hr (large amounts)
decrease hr (small amounts)
bronchodilation
decrease secretions
relax smooth muscle
decrease motility
increase sphincter constriction
urinary retention
dilate pupils
decrease salivation
decease tremors

Question 23

Atropine action

Answer 23

increase hr
decrease GI motility
spasms
peristalsis
salivary and gastric secretions

Question 24

atropine side effects

Answer 24

tachycardia
photophobia
headache
blurred vision
abd distention
dry mouth
skin
urinary retention
impotence
dysrhythmias
constipation

Question 25

atropine

Answer 25

used pre op
emergency drug for bradycardia
PO, IM, IV
contraindicated in glaucoma
antidote for cholinergic agonsits