cholinergic agonists and anticholinergics Flashcards
cholinergic agonists
parasympathomimetics
drugs that stimulate PNS
mimic acetylcholine
cholinergic receptors
muscarinic
-affect smooth muscle
nicotinic
-affect skeletal muscles
effects of cholinergic agonists
parasympathetic
constrict pupil
constrict bronchioles
decrease heart rate
dilate blood vessels
increase peristalsis
contract bladder
increase salivation
direct-acting cholinergic agonists
selective to muscarinic receptios
located in smooth muscle
metoclopramide
direct-acting CA
increase gastric emptying
treat GERD, nausea
pilocarpine
direct-acting CA
constrict pupils
treat narrow-angle glaucoma
bethanechol chloride
direct-acting CA
increase urination
treat urinary retention
bethanechol side effects
blurred vision
hypotension
bradycardia
nausea
vomiting
bronchoconstriction
salivation increase
sweating
abdominal cramps
bethanechol contraindications
bradycardia
COPD
hypotension
peptic ulcer
Parkinsons
hyperthyroidism
indirect-acting cholinergic agonist
inhibit cholinesterase
allow acetylcholine to activate muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors
effects of indirect-acting cholinergic agonist
skeletal muscle contracts
increase tone
gi motility
miosis
urination
bronchial constriction
indirect-acting cholinergic agonist side effects
bradycardia
asthma
peptic ulcers
indirect-acting cholinergic agonist contraindications
intestinal and urinary obstruction
anticholinergics for motion sickness
antihistamines
scoploamine
motion sickness, n,v
transdermal patch delivers dose for three days
anticholinergics for motion sickness side effects
tachycardia
hypotension
dry mouth
constipation
flushing
blurred vision
weakness
drowsiness
urinary retention
anti parkinsonism anticholinergics
Parkinson’s disease and pseudo parkinsonism
benztropine
biperiden
trihexyphenidyl
decreases involuntary muscle movement
use of reversible cholinesterase inhibitiors
pupil constriction in glaucoma
increase muscle strength in myasthenia gravis
Side effects of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors
bradycardia
hypotension
hypersalivation
blurred vision
gi distress
cramps
reversible cholinesterase inhibitors
neostigmine (progestimin) short-acting
pyridostigmine (mestinon) intermediate-acting
ambenonium chloride (mytelase) long acting
edrophonium (tensilon) used in dx of MG
Antidote for anticholinergic toxicity
physostigmine
anticholinergics
Inhibit action of acetylcholine by occupying acetylcholine receptor sites
effects of anticholinergics
increase hr (large amounts)
decrease hr (small amounts)
bronchodilation
decrease secretions
relax smooth muscle
decrease motility
increase sphincter constriction
urinary retention
dilate pupils
decrease salivation
decease tremors
Atropine action
increase hr
decrease GI motility
spasms
peristalsis
salivary and gastric secretions
atropine side effects
tachycardia
photophobia
headache
blurred vision
abd distention
dry mouth
skin
urinary retention
impotence
dysrhythmias
constipation
atropine
used pre op
emergency drug for bradycardia
PO, IM, IV
contraindicated in glaucoma
antidote for cholinergic agonsits
