Adrenergic Agonists and Blockers (3) Flashcards
Alpha 1
INCREASE BP
VASODIALATION
increases cardiac contractility
dilates pupils
urinary bladder relaxation
contraction of prostate
ejaculation
dry mouth
blurred vision
Effects of Adrenergic Agonists
Triggers fight or flight (sympathetic nervous system)
Beta 1
INCREASES HR
increases cardiac contractility
increases renin secretion
increases bp
Beta 2
BRONCHODIALATION
decreases GI tone and motility
increases blood flow in skeletal muscles
activates liver glycogenolysis
increases bloodsugar
Vasodilation
increases blood flow to the vital organs
Dopaminergic
located renal, mesenteric (around internal organs), coronary, and cerebral arteries
Epinephrine Side Effects
cardiac dysrhythmias
tachycardia
dizziness
headache
sweating
insomnia
tremors
hyperglycemia
Epinephrine drug interactions
beta-blockers (decrease epi action)
digoxin (cardiac dysrhythmias)
TCAs and MAOIs (intensify and prolong effects)
Epinephrine Action
Adrenaline
Nonselective
Alpha1 increases the bp
beta1 increases hr
beta2 promotes bronchodilation
inotropic beta1 effects
vasoconstrictor
bronchodilator
Epinephrine contraindications
cardiac dysrhythmias
hypertension
hyperthyroidism
diabetes
pregnancy
Epinephrine uses
anaphylaxis
bronchospasms
cardiogenic shock
cardiac arrest
Catecholamines
produce sympathetic response
endogenous (epi, norepi, dopamine)
synthetic (isoproterenol)
noncatecholamines
Stimulate adrenergic receptors
longer duration than endogenous and synthetic (phenylephrine, albuterol)
Direct acting
Directly stimulates the adrenergic receptor
(Epi, Norepi)
indirect-acting
stimulates the release of norepinephrine from terminal nerve endings
(amphetamine)
mixed- acting
stimulates adrenergic receptor sites and stimulates the release of norepinephrine from terminal nerve endings
(ephedrine)
neurotransmitter inactivation
reuptake of transmitter back into neuron
enzymatic transformation or degradation
diffusion away from the receptor
Drugs that halt the termination of neurotransmitters by inhibiting
norepi reuptake
norepi degradation
Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenergic
(Fight or flight)
Adrenergic Response
dilate pupil
increase hr
bronchodilate
vasoconstriction
gi relaxation
bladder relaxation
uterus relaxation
Albuterol (Proventil) action
selective
acts on beta2 adrenergic receptors
promotes bronchodialtion
PO, Inhaler, Nebulized
Albuterol uses
treat bronchospasms
asthma
bronchitis
COPD
Albuterol caution
severe cardiac disease
hypertension
hyperthyroidism
diabetes
pregnancy
renal dysfunction
Albuterol side effects
tremors
dizziness
palpitations
tachycardia
cardiac dysrhythmias
restlessness
nervousness
Albuterol drug interations
increase effects of sympathomimetics, MAO inhibitors, and tricyclic antidepressants
antagonize effects of beta blockers
Adrenergic Blockers/ antagonists
sympatholytics
blocks the effects of adrenergic neurotransmitter
block alpha and beta receptors
types of adrenergic blockers
alpha-adrenergic antagonists
1. selective
2. non-selective
beta-adrenergic antagonists
1. selective
2. non-selective
effects of adrenergic blockers
(alpha 1)
vasodilation
ortho hypotension
pupil constriction
suppresses ejaculateation
reduces the contraction of smooth muscles
reduces contraction of bladder
effects of adrenergic blockers
(beta 1)
reduces cardiac contractility
decreases pulse
effects of adrenergic blockers
(beta 2)
bronchoconstriction
contracts uterus
inhibits glycogenolysis
alpha blockers
drugs that inhibit response at alpha-adrenergic receptor
selective (block alpha 1)
non-selective (block alpha 1 and 2)
promotes vasodilation
decreases symptoms of hypertrophy and vascular disease
beta-blockers
decrease bp and pulse
nonselective (beta 1 and 2)
usually ends in lol
used for angina, hypertension, heart failure
selective (beta 1 only)
side effects of beta blockers
bradycardia
hypotension
headaches
drowsiness
dizziness
gi distress
fainting
depression
Adrenergic neuron blockers
inhibit release of norepi at synapse
decrease bp
resperine (can cause vivid dreams)
adrenergic neuron blockers
sodium and water retention
peripherally acting sympatholytics
