Cholinergic Agonists and Antagonists Flashcards
Acetylcholine
Agonist - DA
- Decreases HR and BP
- therapeutically of no importance
Bethanechol
Agonist - DA
- Increases intestinal motility and tone
- Stimulates detrusor muscles of the bladder
- used often for non obstructive urinary retention (postpartum, post-op)
Carbachol
Agonist - DA
- pupillary contraction
- decreased IOP
- treatment of glaucoma
- high potency, long duration of action
Pilocarpine
Agonist -DA
- lowers IOP immediately (good for emergency situations)
- increases drainage of aqueous humor
Cevimeline
Agonist -IAR
- used for treatment of dry mouth and lack of tears
- treatment of Sjogrens syndrome
Edrophonium
Agonist - IAR
- increases muscle strength
- used in diagnosis of myasthenia graves (tension test)
Physostigmine
Agonist - IAR
- increases intestinal and bladder motility
- produces miosis, spasm and decreases IOP
- antidote for atropine, etc.
Neostigmine
Agonist - IAR
- stimulates bladder and GI tract
- antidote for tubocurarine
- treatment of myasthenia gravis
Pyridostigmine
Agonist - IAR
- cholinesterase inhibitor
- chronic management of myasthenia gravis
Ambenomium
Agonist - IAR
- cholinesterase inhibitor
- chronic management of myasthenia gravis
Tacrine
Agonist - IAR
- delays progression of Alzheimer’s disease
- been replaced b/c of its hepatotoxicity
Donepezil
Agonist - IAR
-delays progression of Alzheimer’s disease
Rivastigmine
Agonist - IAR
-delays progression of Alzheimer’s disease
Galantamine
Agonist - IAR
-delays progression of Alzheimer’s disease
Echothiophate
Agonist - IAI
- open-angle glaucoma treatment
- not a first line treatment
Pralidoxime
Agonist - Reactivation of AChE inhibitor
-Reactivation of AChE
Atropine
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- antispasmodic (relaxes GI and bladder)
- antidote for cholinergic agonists
- antisecretory (for surgery)
Scopolamine
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- prevention of motion sickness
- blocks short term memory
- adjunct w/anesthetic procedures
Ipratropium
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- treatment of asthma for pts who cannot take adrenergic agonists
- mangement of bronchospasm (COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema)
Tiotropium
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- treatment of asthma for pts who cannot take adrenergic agonists
- mangement of bronchospasm (COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema)
Tropicamide
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- ophthalmic use of madrases and cycloplegia
Cyclopentolate
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- ophthalmic use of madrases and cycloplegia
Benztropine
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- useful as adjuncts with other antiparkinsons agents
Trihexyphenidyl
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- useful as adjuncts with other antiparkinsons agents
Darifenacin, fesoterodine, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolerodine and triopsium chloride
Antagonist
- antimuscarinic
- treatment of overactive urinary disease
Nicotine
Antagonist
- ganglionic blocker
- no therapeutic benefit
Mecamlylamine
Antagonist
- ganglionic blocker
- lowers BP in emergency situations (IV)
Curare
Antagonist - NMB
- non depolarizing
- used as an adjunct with anesthesia to relax skeletal muscles
- intubation, ortho surgery
Tubocurnine
Antagonist - NMB
- non depolarizing (competitive)
- used as an adjunct with anesthesia to relax skeletal muscles
- intubation, ortho surgery
Succinylcholine
Antagonist - NMB
- depolarizing
- useful for rapid endotracheal intubation
- used w/electroconvulsive shock treatment
