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Pharmacology > Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists > Flashcards

Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists Flashcards

1
Q

Epinephrine

A

direct acting agonist

  • all receptors but A favored
  • anaphylactic shock, acute asthma, cardiac arrest, anesthetics
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2
Q

Norepinephrine

A

direct acting agonist

  • all receptors but A favored
  • shock – b/c it increases vascular resistance and therefore increases BP.
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3
Q

Albuterol and Terbutaline

A

direct acting agonist

  • B2
  • chronic treatment of asthma, bronchitis, etc.
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4
Q

Clonidine

A

direct acting agonist

  • A2
  • lower BP, minimizes symptoms of withdrawal from opiates or benzodiazepams.
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5
Q

Dobutamine

A

direct acting agonist

  • B1
  • increase CO in congestive heart failure as well as for inotropic support after cardiac surgery.
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6
Q

Dopamine

A

direct acting agonist

  • A1, B1, D1 and D2
  • Treatment of shock (b/c alpha and beta blocking drugs have no effects on the dopaminergic receptors). Increases BP to increase CO (B1) and increases total peripheral resistance (A1)
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7
Q

Fenoldopam

A

direct acting agonist

  • D1, A2
  • Severe HTN
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8
Q

Isoproterenol

A

direct acting agonist

  • B1 and B2
  • stimulate heart in emergency situations
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9
Q

Metaproterenol

A

direct acting agonist

  • B2
  • asthma
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10
Q

Phenylephrine

A

direct acting agonist

  • favors A1 over A2
  • raises both systolic and diastolic BPs but induces bradycardia reflex when given parenterally. Can act as a nasal decongestant producing prolonged vasoconstriction.
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11
Q

Salmeterol and Formoterol

A

direct acting agonist

  • B2
  • nocturnal asthma (w/corticosteroid)
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12
Q

Oxymetazoline

A

direct acting agonist

  • A1 and A2
  • nasal spray decongestant and ophthalmic solutions for decrease in red eyes
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13
Q

Amphetamine

A

indirect acting agonist

  • A and B
  • ADHD – hyperactivity, narcolepsy and appetite control
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14
Q

Cocaine

A

indirect acting agonist

-block Na+ and K+ activated ATPase (required for cellular uptake of norepinephrine). Enhances sympathetic activity.

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15
Q

Tyramine

A

indirect acting agonist

-not clinically useful

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16
Q

Ephedrine

A

direct/indirect acting agonist

  • A, B and CNS
  • chronic asthma – to prevent attacks. Improves motor function in MG in conjunction w/ anticholinesterases inhibitors. Stimulates CNS alertness, decreases fatigue and prevents sleep. Improves athletic performance. Asthma as a nasal decongestant due to its local vasoconstrictor action. Raise BP
17
Q

Pseudoephedrine

A

direct/indirect acting agonist

  • A, B and CNS
  • nasal and sinus congestion or congestion of the eustachian tube.
18
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

antagonist - alpha blocker
A1 post synaptic and A2 presynaptic-irreversible and noncompetitive
-phenochromocytoma – a catecholamine-secreting tumor. Phenoxybenzamine initiates a hypertensive crisis before surgery which allows manipulation of the tissue. Can also be used for chronic management of these tumors.
-Raynaud’s disease.

19
Q

Phentolamine

A

antagonist - alpha blocker
A1 and A2-competitive
-short term management of pheochromocytoma. Rarely used now for impotence

20
Q

Prazosin,Terazosin and Doxazosin

A

antagonist - alpha blocker
A1-selective competitive
-HTN

21
Q

Alfuzosin and Tamulosin

A

antagonist - alpha blocker
A1-selective competitive
-bengin prostatic hyperplasia

22
Q

Yohimbine

A

antagonist- alpha blocker
A2-selective competitive
-sexual stimulant and Raynaud’s disease

23
Q

Acebutolol, Atenolol, Metoprolol and Esmolol

A

antagonist - beta blocker
B1-selective
-HTN (good w/diabetic HTN pts who are receiving insulin)

24
Q

Labetalol and Carvedilol

A

antagonist-beta blocker
A1, B1 and B2 - reversible
-HTN (elderly) and congestive heart failure. Labetalol treatment of pregnancy HTN and can be given IV in HTN emergencies.

25
Q

Nebivolol

A

antagonist-beta blocker
B1, increase NO?
-HTN

26
Q

Pindolol and Acebutolol

A

antagonist - beta blocker
B1, B2 and ISA
-HTN w/moderate bradycardia. Used in diabetic s w/HTN (b/c of carbohydrate metabolism is less affected w/these drugs)

27
Q

Propanolol

A

antagonist-beta blocker
B1 and B2 - nonselective
-HTN, migraine, hyperthyroidism, angina pectoris, supraventricular cardiac arrhythmias and myocardial infarction

28
Q

Timolol

A

antagonist - beta blocker
B1 and B2 - nonselective
-Glaucoma (open angle), HTN (occasionally)

29
Q

Nadolol

A

antagonist - beta blocker
B1 and B2 - nonselective
-HTN

30
Q

Reserpine

A

antagonist - affecting NT uptake/reuptake
-blocks the Mg2+/adenosine triphosphate-dependent transport of biogenic amines, norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin from the cytoplasm into the storage vesicles in the adrenergic nerves of all body tissues. Sympathetic function is impaired b/c of decreased release of norepinephrine.

31
Q

Guanethidine

A

antagonist - affecting NT uptake/reuptake
-blocks the release of stored norepinephrine and displaces norepinephrine from storage vesicles transient increase in BP.

32
Q

Cocaine

A

antagonist - affecting NT uptake/reuptake

-blocks the reuptake of the monoamines into the pre-synaptic terminals.

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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