Choice Behavior & Self-Control Flashcards
Concurrent reinforcement schedule
A reinforcement schedule in which the organism can make any of several possible responses, each of which may lead to a different outcome (each of which may be reinforced according to a different reinforcement schedule).
Delay conditioning
A conditioning procedure in which there is no temporal gap between the end of the CS and the beginning of the US and in which the CS co-terminates with the US.
Altruism
In behavioral economics, an action or a behavior that provides benefit to another at the expense of some cost to the actor.
Reciprocal altruism
In behavioral economics, the principle that one organism may donate time or resources to help another in the expectation that the other will return the favor later on.
Incentive salience hypothesis
The hypothesis that dopamine helps provide organisms with the motivation to work for reinforcement.
Premack principle
a theory of reinforcement that states that a less desired behavior can be reinforced by the opportunity to engage in a more desired behavior
Response deprivation hypothesis
an approach to identifying reinforcers before their effectiveness has been demonstrated. It holds that if the opportunity to engage in some activity is restricted below its normal level, then opportunity to engage in that activity can serve as reinforcement for some other behavior.
Bliss points
In behavioral economics, the allocation of resources that maximizes subjective value or satisfaction.
Behavioral economics
The study of how organisms allocate their time and resources among possible options.
Optimization theory
individuals selectively make choices that hold promise for the greatest personal benefit and relevance to their lives. (DISCLAIMER)
Matching law
The principle that an organism, given a choice between multiple responses, will make each response at a rate proportional to how often that response is reinforced relative to the other choices.
Self-control
An organism’s willingness to forgo a small immediate reward in favor of a larger future reward.
Ainslie-Rachlin Theory
states that sometimes, the preference changes when the time for waiting for the larger reward increases and a smaller reward is provided in shorter time interval (DISCLAIMER)
Delay discounting
The progressive reduction (or discounting) of the subjective value of a reward the longer it is delayed.
