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Major Subjects Reviewer > CHN Chapter 3 > Flashcards

CHN Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q
  • It Is an “Essential Health Care” based on practical and socially acceptable methods and technology.
  • Made universal accessible to individual,family, and community.
A

Primary Health Care (PHC)

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2
Q

History of Public Health Care

A
  • WHAT: Alma Ata Conference, first international conference on PHC
  • WHEN: September 6-12, 1978
  • WHERE: Alma Ata, USSR/ RUSSIA
  • WHO: WHO/ UNICEF
  • Legal Basis for PHC in the Philippines: (Letter of Instruction) LOI 949
  • Signed by: Pres. Ferdinand Marcos on October 19, 1979
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3
Q

Goal of Public Health

A
  • HEALTH FOR ALL FILIPINOS in 2000 and HEALTH IN THE HANDS OF THE PEOPLE by year 2020.
  • Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022, and Asia by 2040.
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4
Q

Mission of PHC

A

Strengthening the health system wherein people will manage their own health care

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5
Q

Key or Core Strategy of PHC

A

“PARTNERSHIP with and EMPOWERMENT of the people”

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6
Q

Pillars or Cornerstone of PHC using acronym SCAM

A
  • Support Mechanism made available
  • Community Participation Action
  • Appropriate Technology
  • Multi-sectoral Linkages
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7
Q

3 Major sources of PHC

A
  • People
  • Government
  • Private Sectors (e.g. NGO, church…)
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8
Q

a process in which people identify problems and needs and assumes responsibilities themselves to plan, manage, and control.

A

Community Participation

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9
Q
  • It is a method used to provide a socially and environmentally acceptable level of service or quality product at the least economic cost.
A

Appropriate technology

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10
Q

2 Types of Multi-sectoral changes

A

a. INTRASECTORAL LINKAGES (Two- way referral system) – communication, cooperation and collaboration within the health sectors.

b. INTERSECTORAL LINKAGES - between the health sector and other sectors like education, agriculture and local government officials.

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11
Q

Key Principles in Appropriate Technology (Acronym ACCEFS)

A
  • A’s (Four As)
  • Cost wise – economical IN NATURE
  • Complex procedures which provide a simple outcome
  • Effective
  • Feasibility of use = possibility of use at all times
  • Scope of technology is safe and secure
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12
Q

What are the Four A’s in acronym ACCEFS of Key Principles in Appropriate Technology?

A
  1. Accessibility - distance/ travel time required to get to a health care facility/ services.
  2. Affordability - consideration of the individual, family, community and government can afford the services.
  3. Acceptability - health care services are compatible with the culture and traditions of the population.
  4. Availability - - is a question whether the health service is offered in health care facilities or is provided on a regular and organized manner.

Examples:
* Botika ng Bayan - ensures the availability and accessibility of affordable essential drugs. It sells low priced generic home remedies, OTC and common antibiotics.
* Ligtas sa Tigdas ang Pinas- mass door-todoor mesles immunization campaign.
- target age: 9 months to below 5 years old.

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13
Q

3 Levels of Disease Prevention

A

a. Primary Prevention
b. Secondary Prevention
c. Tertiary Prevention

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14
Q

Type of prevention where the focus is on health
promotion and disease prevention.

A

Primary Prevention

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15
Q

curative, prevention of complications thru screening, early
diagnosis and treatment (Type of Prevention)

A

Secondary Prevention

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16
Q
  • rehabilitative, prevention of disability
  • continuing health supervision during rehabilitation to restore an individual to an optimal level of functioning
A

Tertiary Prevention

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17
Q

Referral System in Public Health Care (PHC)

A

a. Barangay Health Centers
- is under the management of Rural HealthMidwife (RHM).

b. Rural Health Unit
- is under the management or supervision of PHN

c. Public Health Nurse
- caters to 1:10, 000 population, acts as managers
in the implementation of the policies and activities of RHU, directly under the supervision of MHO

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18
Q
  • it is a quality improvement initiative through a certification/ recognition program
  • it also promotes continuous quality improvement as a complementing strategy
  • it was established by DOH with LGUs having a logo of a Sun with 8 rays.
A

Sentrong Sigla Movement (SSM)

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19
Q

Steps in SSM Certification Process

A
  1. Philippines Department of Health (DOH) provides copies of quality standards to local government units (LGUs).
  2. Mayor/ Governor sends letter of intent to participate.
  3. DOH SS teams conducts assessment
  4. LGU facility gets certified, receive SS seal
  5. Certified facility gets monitored twice a year and tries to strive for higher level
    standards.
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20
Q

4 Pillars of SSM

A
  1. Health Promotion
  2. Grants and technical assistance
  3. Quality assurance
  4. Awards: Cash, plaque, certificate
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21
Q

Levels and Category of SSM

A

a. Level 1 (Basic Certification)
- minimum input, process and output for integrated public health services for 4 core programs (Family Planning, EPI, Maternal Programs, & TB Program), facility systems, regulatory functions and basic curative services.

b. Level 2 (Specialty Award)
- second level quality standards for selected public health programs (includes other health programs in addition to Level 1 core programs) and facility systems.

c. Level 3 (Award of Excellence)
- highest level quality standards for maintaining level 2 standards for the 4 core public health programs and level 2 facility systems for at least 3 consecutive years.

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22
Q

4 Contributions of PHC to DOH and Economy

A
  1. Training of Health Workers
  2. Creation of Botika sa Baryo & Botika sa Health Center
  3. Herbal Plants
  4. ORESOL
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23
Q

3 Levels of Training

A
  1. Grassroot/ Village Health Workers
    - includes Barangay Health Volunteers (BHV) and Barangay Health Workers (BHW)
    -nonprofessionals, didn’t undergo formal training, receive no salary but are given incentive in the form of honorarium from the local government since 1993
    - Initial link, 1st contact of the community
  2. Intermediate
    - these are professionals including the 8 members of the PHWs (e.g. General
    Medical Practitioners, Public Health Nurses, Midwives).
    - 1st source of professional health care
    - provide support to the frontline health workers in terms of supervision, training,
    referral services and supplies thru linkages with other sectors.
  3. First Line Personnel – the specialist
    - establish close contact with the village and intermediate level health
    workers to promote the continuity of care from hospital to community to home.
    - provide back- up health services for cases requiring hospital or diagnostic
    facilities not available in health care.
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24
Q

it refers to a drug outlet managed by a legitimate community organization
(CO/ non- government organization (NGO and/ or the Local Government
Unit (LGU), with a trained operator and a supervising pharmacist.

A

Botika sa Baryo and Botika sa Health Center

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25
Q

Goal of Botika sa Baryo and Botika sa Health Center

A

-to promote equity in health in ensuring the availability and accessibility of
affordable, safe, and effective quality essential drugs to all, with priority for
marginalized, critical, and hard to reach areas.

26
Q

RA 6675 is knowns as

A

Generic Act of 1998

27
Q

Father of Generics Act

A

Dr. Alfredo Bengzon

28
Q
  • it is a solution to the absence of a medical officer who prescribed the medicines
    so PHN are given the responsibility to prescribe generic medicines
A

Oplan Walang Reseta Program

29
Q
  • Walong Wastong Gamot Program
  • available generics in “Botika sa Baryo” & Health Center (Acronym CARIPPON)
A

C- OTRIMOXAZOLE
A- MOXICILLIN
R- IFAMPICIN
I- SONIAZID
P- YRAZINAMIDE
P- ARACETAMOL
O- RESOL (Oral Rehydration Solution)
N- IFEDIPINE

30
Q
  • it is a combination of 2 generics of drugs which is antibacterial Trimethoprim (TMP)
  • has a bacteriostatic action that stops/ inhibits multiplication of bacteria
  • For GUT, GIT, URTI, and Skin Infections
A

Cotrimoxazole

31
Q
  • an antibacterial drug that comes from the Penicillin family
  • effect is generally bacteriostatic (when source of infection is bacterial)
  • these 2 drugs provide the least sensitivity reaction (rashes & GI) and
    the adverse effect of other antibiotics is anaphylactic shock.
A

Amoxicillin

32
Q

Tubercolosis Drugs (Acronym RIP)

A

R- IFAMPICIN
I- SONIAZID
P- YRAZINIAMIDE

33
Q
  • has an analgesic & anti- pyretic effect.
A

Paracetamol

34
Q
  • highly dangerous to dengue patients that’s why it’s not available in “Botika” & Health Center
A

Anticoagulant / Aspirin

35
Q
  • a management for diarrhea to prevent dehydration under the Control of
    Diarrheal Diseases (CDD) Program.
A

ORESOL (Oral Rehydration Solution)

36
Q
  • an anti-hypertensive drug
A

Nifedipine

37
Q

Herbal Plants (Acronym LUBBY SANTA)

A

L- Lagundi
U- Ulasimang Bato/ Pansit- pansitan
B- Bayabas
B- Bawang
Y- Yerba Buena

S- Sambong
A- Ampalaya
N- Niyug- niyogan
T- Tsaang gubat
A- Akapulko

38
Q

RA 8432 is known as

A

Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act of 1997 (Juan Flavier)

39
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for asthma, cough, (ASCOF), dysentery, pain, and inflammation
A

Lagundi (Vitex Negundo)

40
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for lowers blood uric acid (rheumatism (arthritis) and gout).
A

Ulasimang Bato / Pansit-Pansitan (Peperonia Pellucida)

41
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for washing wounds, Diarrhea, gargle to relieve toothache
A

Bayabas (Psidium Guajava)

42
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for hypertension, lowering cholesterol, toothache
A

Bawang (Allium Sativum)

43
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for pain (headache, toothache, swollen gums, menstrual pain), coigh, colds, fever
A

Yerba Buena (Mentha Cordifelia)

44
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for anti-edema (manas), Antiurolithiasis, diuretic
A

Sambong (Blumea Balsamifera)

45
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for diabetes Milletus ( mild noninsulin dependent)
A

Ampalaya (Momordica Charantia)

46
Q
  • herbal plant that is indicated for intestinal parasitism/ nematodes, anti-helminthic (Ascariasis) (Not for children below 4 years old)
A

Niyug-niyogan (Quisqualis Indica)

47
Q
  • herbal plants that is indicated for diarrhea, or dental caries, stomache, infantile colic (kabag
A

Tsaang-gubat (Carmona Retusa)

48
Q
  • herbal plants that is indicated for antifungal/ Tinea infections (buni, alipunga, an-an, hadhad), scabies
A

Akapulko (Cassia Alata)

49
Q

Guidelines in using Herbal Plants

A

a. Be sure that the right kind of plant is used according to the intended purposes.
b. Avoid insecticides on plants
c. Use a clay pot and remove cover while boiling at low heat.
d. Use only the part of the plant being advocated. Follow accurate dosage suggestions.
e. Use only one kind of herbal plant for each kind of symptom.
f. Stop giving herbal medication if untoward reaction occurs.
g. If signs and symptoms are not relieved after 2-3 days, consult a doctor.

50
Q

Methods of Drying

A
  1. Air Drying- best method for drying flowers and leaves.
  2. Sun Dried- best method for drying fruits, seeds, bark, branches, and roots.
  3. Oven Dried- used during the rainy season, 40% of the medical value is lost during the process.
51
Q
  • gather leaves and wash thoroughly, place in a container the washed leaves and add water.
  • let it boil without cover to vaporize/ steam to release
    toxic substance and undesirable taste.
  • use extracts for washing.
A

Decoction

52
Q
  • done by pounding or chewing leaves used by herbolaryo.
A

Poultice

53
Q
  • to prepare a tea (use Lipton bag), keep standing for 15 minutes in
    a cup of warm water where a brown solution is collected, pectin which
    serves as an adsorbent and astringent.
A

Infusion (Tsaa)

54
Q
  • to prepare a papaya juice, use ripe papaya and mechanically mashed then put inside a blender and add water.
  • to produce it into syrup, add sugar then heat to dissolve sugar and mix it.
A

Syrup

55
Q
  • start with poultice (pound leaves) to turn it semi-solid.
  • add flour to keep preparation pasty and make it adhere to skin lesions.
  • to make it into an ointment: add oil (mineral, baby oil or any oil – serves as
    moisturizer) to the prepared cream to keep it lubricated while being massage
    on the affected area.
A

Cream/Ointment (Ungguwento)

56
Q
  • uses needles to puncture and stimulate specific part of the body.
A

Acupuncture

57
Q
  • combines essential oils then applied to the body.
A

Arometharapy

58
Q
  • “nutritional healing”, this improves health by enhancing the nutritional
    value to reduce the risk of the disease.
A

Nutritional Therapy

59
Q
  • application of pressure on the body’s reflex joints to enhance body’s natural healing.
A

Reflexology

60
Q
  • a method of maintaining health, treating disease, and alleviating pain by applying pressure or massaging certain points on the body surfaces.
A

Acupressure

61
Q

Application of Acupressure

A
  1. Posture- Lying down or sitting-up, must be relax.
  2. Manipulation- thumb pressure must be bearable, firm but not heavy.
  3. Frequency- as frequent as every 4 hours; usually once a day; 2-3 times per week.
    - room must be warm and well-ventilated.
    - use prescribed acupressure points; use ahshi points (painful spots or modes which appear when a person has an illness).

Major Subjects Reviewer (5 decks)

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