Chlamydia (Complete)

Question 1

What is chlamydia?

Answer 1

Bacterial STD caused by chlamydia trachomatis

Question 2

Name the bacteria responsible for causing chlamydia.

Answer 2

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 3

How common is chlamydia compared to other bacterial STDs?

Answer 3

Most common bacterial STD in the UK

Question 4

Chlamydia is most common between which age groups?

Answer 4

15-24 years

Question 5

How common is chlamydia in young woman?

Answer 5

1 in 10

Question 6

What is the incubation period of chlamydia?

Answer 6

7-21 days

Question 7

What proportion of woman with chlamydia present assymptomatically?

Answer 7

70%

Question 8

What proportion of men with chlamydia present assymptomatically?

Answer 8

50%

Question 9

What are the main signs/symptoms of woman with chlamydia?

Answer 9

Dsyuria (cervicitis)

Intermenstrual bleeding

Vaginal discharge
* White, grey or yellow
* Can be foul smelling

Anal discharge (mucus)

Anorectal discomfort

Question 10

What are the main features of chlamydia in men?

Answer 10

Dysuria

Urethral discharge

Anal discharge (mucus)

Anorectal discomfort

Question 11

What complications can arise in neonates if exposed to chlamydia during childbrith? (2)

Answer 11

Pneumonia

Conjunctivitis

Question 12

What investigations should be considered for patients suspected of having chlamydia?

Answer 12

Bedside:
Vulvovaginal or endocervical swab: For NAAT (females)
Uruine testing or urethral swab: For NAAT (males)
Anal swabs

Question 13

What is first-line investigation for chlamydia?

Answer 13

Nuclear acid amplification tests (NAATs)

Question 14

What type of swab is considered first-line for NAAT testing in females?

Answer 14

Vulvovaginal swab

Question 15

What type of sample is considered first-line for NAAT in males?

Answer 15

Urine test

Question 16

What is the general management plan for patients with chlamydia?

Answer 16

Medicine:

Oral doxycycline (BD for 7 days)

OR

Azithromycin (single dose)

Conservative/preventative:

Referal to GUM for contact tracing

Question 17

What is the management for pregnant women with chlamydia?

Answer 17

1g Azithromycin

OR

Erythromycin

OR

Amoxicillin

Question 18

Which individuals should be contacted for tracing if a female patients is tested +ve for chlamydia

Answer 18

All partners from the last six months or the most recent sexual partner should be contacted

Question 19

Which individuals should be contacted for tracing if a male patient is tested +ve for chlamydia and is symptomatic

Answer 19

All contacts since, and in the four weeks prior to, the onset of symptoms

Question 20

Which individuals should be contacted for tracing if a male patient is tested +ve for chlamydia and is asymptomatic

Answer 20

All partners from the last six months or the most recent sexual partner should be contacted

Question 21

How should contacts be managed?

Answer 21

Should be offered treatment prior to the results of their investigations being known

(Treat then test)

Question 22

What complications can occur secondary to chlamydia?

Answer 22

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome

Ectopic pregnancy

Endometritis

Epididymitis

Infertility

Reactive arthritis

Question 23

Patients with chlamydia are at higher risk of contracting what other STD?

Answer 23

HIV