Ch.l Mn&s Systems

Question 1

System that initiates and modifies activity of muscles

Answer 1

Nervous system

Question 2

System that generates force to rotate body about joint

Answer 2

Muscular system

Question 3

System that rotates bones which provide movement of the body

Answer 3

Skeletal system

Question 4

Bundle of fascicles that are surrounded by epimysium

Answer 4

Muscle

Question 5

Bundle of muscle fibers that surround permission

Answer 5

Fascicles

Question 6

Muscle cell that is surrounded by endomysium

Answer 6

Muscle fibers

Question 7

What do myofilaments have

Answer 7

Actin(thin)
Myosin(thick)

Question 8

Sliding filament theory

Answer 8

Theory that when actin filaments slide past myosin filaments, it generates muscle tension/contraction

Question 9

Outer layer of nucleus

Answer 9

Sarcolemma

Question 10

5 parts of Skeletal muscle fiber cell

Answer 10

Sarcolemma
Sarcoplasm
Sarcoplasmic reticulum SR
T-Tubules
Mitochondria

Question 11

What is between the Z-lines within sarcomere

Answer 11

H-zone
I-band
A-band

Question 12

Basic contractile unit

Answer 12

Sarcomere

Question 13

Protein structures within the cell that contains myofilaments

Answer 13

Myofibril

Question 14

Head attaches to & pulls on actin filament while connected to z-line

Answer 14

Myosin (thick)

Question 15

Surrounded by regulating tryponin I typomyosin

Answer 15

Actin (thin)

Question 16

Region of communication between a neuron and a muscle fiber

Answer 16

Neuromuscular junction

Question 17

Parts of the motor neuron involved in neuromuscular junction

Answer 17

Axon terminal
Synaptic cleft
Motor end plate

Question 18

___ neuromuscular junction per muscle fiber

Answer 18

1

Question 19

SFT: AP in neuron results in release of __ into synaptic cleft

Answer 19

Acetylcholine (Ach)

Question 20

SFT: __ binds w/ receptors on __ leading to generation of an action potential in muscle fiber

Answer 20

Ach

Question 21

SFT: AP in muscle fiber results in release of __ from __

Answer 21

Calcium Ca+
SR

Question 22

SFT: Ca+ binds to _ & _ moves away from active site on actin

Answer 22

Troponin
Tropomyosin

Question 23

SFT: Myosin head attaches to _ forming a crossbridge pulling the _ towards the center of sarcomere

Answer 23

Actin

Question 24

Muscle fiber shortness or lengthens when

Answer 24

Actin and myosin slide past each other

Question 25

A muscles action depends on the interaction between the _ and an external force like…

Answer 25

Muscle force Gravity,object, etc

Question 26

Action: muscle force>external resistance

Answer 26

Concentric action

Question 27

Action: muscle force

Answer 27

Eccentric action

Question 28

Pain/discomfort 24-48hrs after exercise due to muscle damage during ECCENTRIC muscle action

Answer 28

Delayed-onset muscle soreness DOMS

Question 29

Action: muscle force=external resistance

Answer 29

Isometric(static) action

Question 30

__ contract and produce force but differ in their contractile performance

Answer 30

All muscle fibers

Question 31

High oxidative capacity and fatigue resistant

Answer 31

Type I (slow oxidative)

Question 32

Moderate oxidative and anaerobic capacity w/ some fatigue resistance

Answer 32

Type IIa (fast oxidative glycolytic)

Question 33

High anaerobic capacity and fatigue easily

Answer 33

Type IIx (fast glycolytic)

Question 34

T/F: A continuum exists within fiber types for adaptation

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Muscle w high composition of Type I fibers

Answer 35

Soleus

Question 36

Muscle that has mix of type I and type II fibers

Answer 36

Quadriceps

Question 37

Structural division nervous systems

Answer 37

CNS AND PNS

Question 38

Subdivisions of Structural divisions

Answer 38

Motor (efferent) division Sensory (Afferent) division

Question 39

Functional division nervous systems

Answer 39

SNS AND ANS

Question 40

What NS has voluntary functions

Answer 40

Somatic nervous system

Question 41

What NS has involuntary functions

Answer 41

Autonomic nervous system

Question 42

Fight or flight response

Answer 42

Sympathetic

Question 43

Rest and digest response

Answer 43

Parasympathetic

Question 44

Basic unit in NS

Answer 44

Neurons

Question 45

Nueron that conducts impulses from CNS to muscle

Answer 45

Motor (efferent) nuerons

Question 46

Neuron that carries info from periphery to CNS

Answer 46

Sensory (Afferent) nuerons

Question 47

What helps with preventing injury within sensory neuron?

Answer 47

Muscle spindle Golgi tendon organ GTO

Question 48

Senses rate of change in muscle length within muscle

Answer 48

Muscle spindle

Question 49

Activation results in myotatic or stretch reflex =

Answer 49

Concentric action of the same muscle

Question 50

Muscle spindles are active during specific activities such as…

Answer 50

Plyometrics Snatch, clean, jerk Jumping

Question 51

Protective role within sensory neurons located at junction of muscle & tendon

Answer 51

Golgi Tendon Organ GTO

Question 52

GTO: Activation results in … of the acting muscle and stimulates antagonist

Answer 52

Relaxation

Question 53

GTO: TF: prevents injury due to excessive force

Answer 53

True

Question 54

A motor neuron & muscle fibers it innervates which contains all the same fiber types

Answer 54

Motor unit

Question 55

MU: Vary the number that are recruited

Answer 55

Motor unit recruitment

Question 56

Motor units are recruited from small type I and larger type II

Answer 56

Size principle

Question 57

Increase in firing rate of activated motor units

Answer 57

Rate coding

Question 58

Functions of Skeletal system (4)

Answer 58

•Movement •Storage of minerals (e.g., calcium) •Site of blood cell formation •Protect organs and spinal cord

Question 59

How many bones in body?

Answer 59

206

Question 60

SS: two anatomical divisions

Answer 60

•Axial skeleton: skull, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs •Appendicular skeleton: bones of the upper and lower limbs

Question 61

Two types of bones

Answer 61

•Cortical •Cancellous (spongy)

Question 62

Bone adapts in response to stress

Answer 62

Wolffs law

Question 63

WL: weight bearing exercises increase…

Answer 63

Bone interval density

Question 64

Attached muscle to bone and is primarily inelastic proteins

Answer 64

Tendons

Question 65

Connects bones to other bones and contains elastic protein *elastin*

Answer 65

Ligaments