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Kinesiology 2700 > Ch.3 Bioenergetics > Flashcards

Ch.3 Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

Conversion of food into biologically usable forms of energy

A

Bioenergetics

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2
Q

Total of all catabolic and anabolic rxns

A

Metabolism

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3
Q

Breakdown of large molecules to smaller molecules

A

Catabolic

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4
Q

Synthesis of large molecules from small molecules

A

Anabolic

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5
Q

Energy stored in its … is used for muscular growth and activity

A

Chemical bonds
ATP

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6
Q

TF: Energy released from ATP doesn’t need to be replaced

A

False

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7
Q

… energy systems exist to replace the energy from ATP

A

3

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8
Q

Source of ATP for short-term high intensity activities

A

Phosphagen system

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9
Q

TF: Phosphagen system is active at the start of all exercise regardless of intensity

A

True

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10
Q

In Phosphagen system … is broken down to replenish ATP

A

Creatine phosphate

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11
Q

… increases rate of synthesis of ATP from ADP and CP

A

Creatine Kinase

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12
Q

Primary system source for ATP in high intensity actives up to 2min

A

Glycolytic system

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13
Q

Breakdown of glucose or glycogen to replenish ATP

A

Glycolysis

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14
Q

GP: Regulation of glycolysis is stimulated by… (4)

A

ADP, Pi, ammonia, and slight decrease in pH

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15
Q

Rate limiting step in GS

A

Phosphofructokinase

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16
Q

Lactate forumulated due to reduced O2 availability in muscle cell

A

Blood lactate

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17
Q

Blood lactate is transported to … and enters …

A

Liver
Cori cycle

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18
Q

Lactate concentrations returns to normal within … after activity

A

1 hour

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19
Q

BL: Increased reliance on anaerobic mechanisms

A

Lactate threshold

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20
Q

BL: Second point of inflection on the curve

A

Onset of blood lactate accumulation

21
Q

OBLA TF: May relate to recruitment of type l fibers

A

False
Type ll

22
Q

OBLA: Generally occurs when blood lactate is near ..

A

4mmol/L

23
Q

Percentage of VO2max for untrained subjects

A

50%-60%

24
Q

Percentage of VO2max in trained subjects

A

70%-80%

25
Q

Primary source of ATP at rest and during aerobic activities

A

Oxidative system

26
Q

Energy substrates within the oxidative system

A

Carbs and fats

27
Q

Why is protein not an energy substrate in the OS

A

Protein only metabolizes during starvation or >90 minutes of steady exercise

28
Q

OS: Pyruvate transports into … and converts to …

A

Mitochondria
Acetyl CoA

29
Q

OS: Acetyl CoA enters … cycle

A

Krebs

30
Q

ETC: ETC produces ATP from … and uses … … molecules

A

ADP
NADH FADH2

31
Q

ETC: … of protons provides energy for ATP production

A

Concentration gradient

32
Q

What is stored in fat cells to be broken down?

A

Triglycerides

33
Q

FFA enters the … and then the ..,

A

Muscle
Mitochondria

34
Q

Total ATP production in Slow Glycolysis

A

10

35
Q

Total ATP within the Krebs cycle

A

30

36
Q

TF: Protein oxidation may contribute 5%-20% of energy during prolonged activity

A

False
3%-18%

37
Q

PO: A waste product of amino acid breakdown eliminated through urea or ammonia

A

Nitrogen

38
Q

For each system, the Rate of ATP production and Capacity of ATP Production have a … relationship

A

Inverse

39
Q

Selecting appropriate intensities and rest intervals allows for targeting of specific muscle systems

A

Metabolic specificity of training

40
Q

Substance associated w/ fatigue and depletion are … …

A

Phosphagens
Glycogens

41
Q

Complete resynthesis of ATP is within … … …

A

3-5 hours

42
Q

Complete resynthesis of creatinophosphate within …

A

8min

43
Q

Glycogen dr: More important source for moderate and high intensity exercise

A

Muscle

44
Q

Glycogen dr: More important source for low intensity exercise

A

Liver

45
Q

Intensity and duration have a … relationship

A

Inverse

46
Q

What is NOT a characteristic of bioenergetics?

A
47
Q

How many molecules of ATP are produced from glycolysis of one molecule of glucose in BLOOD?

A
48
Q

Glycogen becomes the preferred fuel source at intensities above about l.l or maximal oxygen uptake

A
49
Q

When relying on the slower ATP producing energy systems, ATP can be produced as long as the body has a good supply of …

A

Kinesiology 2700 (4 decks)

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