Ch.3 Bioenergetics

Question 1

Conversion of food into biologically usable forms of energy

Answer 1

Bioenergetics

Question 2

Total of all catabolic and anabolic rxns

Answer 2

Metabolism

Question 3

Breakdown of large molecules to smaller molecules

Answer 3

Catabolic

Question 4

Synthesis of large molecules from small molecules

Answer 4

Anabolic

Question 5

Energy stored in its … is used for muscular growth and activity

Answer 5

Chemical bonds
ATP

Question 6

TF: Energy released from ATP doesn’t need to be replaced

Answer 6

False

Question 7

… energy systems exist to replace the energy from ATP

Answer 7

3

Question 8

Source of ATP for short-term high intensity activities

Answer 8

Phosphagen system

Question 9

TF: Phosphagen system is active at the start of all exercise regardless of intensity

Answer 9

True

Question 10

In Phosphagen system … is broken down to replenish ATP

Answer 10

Creatine phosphate

Question 11

… increases rate of synthesis of ATP from ADP and CP

Answer 11

Creatine Kinase

Question 12

Primary system source for ATP in high intensity actives up to 2min

Answer 12

Glycolytic system

Question 13

Breakdown of glucose or glycogen to replenish ATP

Answer 13

Glycolysis

Question 14

GP: Regulation of glycolysis is stimulated by… (4)

Answer 14

ADP, Pi, ammonia, and slight decrease in pH

Question 15

Rate limiting step in GS

Answer 15

Phosphofructokinase

Question 16

Lactate forumulated due to reduced O2 availability in muscle cell

Answer 16

Blood lactate

Question 17

Blood lactate is transported to … and enters …

Answer 17

Liver
Cori cycle

Question 18

Lactate concentrations returns to normal within … after activity

Answer 18

1 hour

Question 19

BL: Increased reliance on anaerobic mechanisms

Answer 19

Lactate threshold

Question 20

BL: Second point of inflection on the curve

Answer 20

Onset of blood lactate accumulation

Question 21

OBLA TF: May relate to recruitment of type l fibers

Answer 21

False
Type ll

Question 22

OBLA: Generally occurs when blood lactate is near ..

Answer 22

4mmol/L

Question 23

Percentage of VO2max for untrained subjects

Answer 23

50%-60%

Question 24

Percentage of VO2max in trained subjects

Answer 24

70%-80%

Question 25

Primary source of ATP at rest and during aerobic activities

Answer 25

Oxidative system

Question 26

Energy substrates within the oxidative system

Answer 26

Carbs and fats

Question 27

Why is protein not an energy substrate in the OS

Answer 27

Protein only metabolizes during starvation or >90 minutes of steady exercise

Question 28

OS: Pyruvate transports into … and converts to …

Answer 28

Mitochondria Acetyl CoA

Question 29

OS: Acetyl CoA enters … cycle

Answer 29

Krebs

Question 30

ETC: ETC produces ATP from … and uses … … molecules

Answer 30

ADP NADH FADH2

Question 31

ETC: … of protons provides energy for ATP production

Answer 31

Concentration gradient

Question 32

What is stored in fat cells to be broken down?

Answer 32

Triglycerides

Question 33

FFA enters the … and then the ..,

Answer 33

Muscle Mitochondria

Question 34

Total ATP production in Slow Glycolysis

Answer 34

10

Question 35

Total ATP within the Krebs cycle

Answer 35

30

Question 36

TF: Protein oxidation may contribute 5%-20% of energy during prolonged activity

Answer 36

False 3%-18%

Question 37

PO: A waste product of amino acid breakdown eliminated through urea or ammonia

Answer 37

Nitrogen

Question 38

For each system, the Rate of ATP production and Capacity of ATP Production have a … relationship

Answer 38

Inverse

Question 39

Selecting appropriate intensities and rest intervals allows for targeting of specific muscle systems

Answer 39

Metabolic specificity of training

Question 40

Substance associated w/ fatigue and depletion are … …

Answer 40

Phosphagens Glycogens

Question 41

Complete resynthesis of ATP is within … … …

Answer 41

3-5 hours

Question 42

Complete resynthesis of creatinophosphate within …

Answer 42

8min

Question 43

Glycogen dr: More important source for moderate and high intensity exercise

Answer 43

Muscle

Question 44

Glycogen dr: More important source for low intensity exercise

Answer 44

Liver

Question 45

Intensity and duration have a … relationship

Answer 45

Inverse

Question 46

What is NOT a characteristic of bioenergetics?

Question 47

How many molecules of ATP are produced from glycolysis of one molecule of glucose in BLOOD?

Question 48

Glycogen becomes the preferred fuel source at intensities above about l.l or maximal oxygen uptake

Question 49

When relying on the slower ATP producing energy systems, ATP can be produced as long as the body has a good supply of …