Chiro Essentials- Disease Summary 71-74

Question 1

Excessive growth hormone after the growth plates have closed. GH secreting pituitary adenoma. Enlarged sella turcica.
Arrow-head appearance of the terminal phalanges & thickened heel pad

Answer 1

Acromegaly

Refer to endocrinologist

Question 2

Chronic inflammatory condition.
Low back ache > 3 months duration. Better with exercise.
Blurring of SI joints (bilaterally), shiny corners, dagger sign, bamboo spine.

Answer 2

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Co-manage with rheumatologist

Question 3

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy

Wasted peroneal muscles, foot drop, high arch and claw toes

Answer 3

Charcot Marie Tooth Disease

Refer to neurologist

Question 4

Autoimmune inflammatory disorder of muscle and skin

Heliotrope discoloration of the eyelids, muscle fatigue affecting proximal muscle groups

Answer 4

Dermatomyositis

Refer to a dermatologist

Question 5

X-linked chromosomal abnormality with deficient DYSTROPHIN

Pseudohypertrophic calf muscles, + Gower’s sign, waddling gait

Answer 5

Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy

Refer to a pediatrician

Question 6

Inherited connective tissue with defective COLLAGEN

Hyper mobile joints, skin that easily stretches, kyphoscoliosis

Answer 6

Ehlers-Danlos disease

Refer to a pediatrician

Question 7

Accumulation of iron in certain tissues (liver, pancreas, skin, testis)
Bronze skin, fatigue, joint pain, hair loss, decreased libido
Beak like osteophytes at radial margin of metacarpal heads

Answer 7

Hemachromatosis

Refer to hematologist

Question 8

Deposition of uric acid crystals in joints
Soft tissue swelling, bony erosions with overhanging edges
Tophi

Answer 8

Gout

Co-manage with rheumatologist

Question 9

Infection of skin, nerves, muscles and joints
Flu-like illness- caused by Borrelia burgdorferi
Bulls eye rash

Answer 9

Lyme disease

Refer to a rheumatologist

Question 10

Hereditary condition- defective FIBRILLIN

Tall, thin body, hyper mobile joints, lens dislocation, aortic dissection

Answer 10

Marfan’s disease

Refer to an internist

Question 11

Mitral valve damage due to rheumatic fever following streptococcal infection
Fatigue, malar flush, diastolic murmur heard best in 5th intercostal space

Answer 11

Mitral stenosis

Refer to a cardiologist for echocardiogram

Question 12

Progressive degeneration of Articular cartilage
Worsens with use
Morning stiffness lasting less than 1 hour, weight bearing joints

Answer 12

Osteoarthritis

Co-manage with orthopedist

Question 13

Bacterial infection of bone
Associated with IV drug use and staph aureus
Leukocytosis with elevated neutrophils

Answer 13

Osteomyelitis

Refer to hospital

Question 14

Generalized decrease bone density
Dowager hump, decreased height, increased kyphosis
Wade’s triangle in femur, DEXA greater than 2.5

Answer 14

Osteoporosis

Co-manage with an orthopedist

Question 15

Chronic skin disorder with genetic predisposition

Silvery scales over extensors, pitted nails

Answer 15

Psoriasis

Co-manage dermatologist and rheumatologist

Question 16

Autoimmune disease triggered by recent strep pyogenes

Sydenham’s chorea, Polyarthritis, Erythema marginatum, Carditis, Subcutaneous nodules

Answer 16

Rheumatic Fever

Refer to hospital

Question 17

Most common autoimmune disorder

Bilateral PIP, MCP and wrist pain; morning stiffness lasting more than 1 hour

Answer 17

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Co-manage with rheumatologist

Question 18

Black females; granulomatous disease of skin and reticule-endothelial tissue
Non-caseous granulomas

Answer 18

Sarcoidosis

Co-manage with a pulmonologist