China Flashcards
what was a nation of addicts?
china during the Qing dynasty
who was suffering a trade debt with China?
Europe, they were buying more than selling
what was opium used to do?
weaken China
what did opium do to China’s economy?
it depleted it
what happened to their agriculture?
it went down hill because there was no production from workers since they all used the opium
what increased because of the opium?
crime
what does the emperor do to try and stop the opium problems?
he bans opium and kills smugglers and addicts and dumps opium shipment into the ocean
what changed stuff big time?
the industrial revolution
what were foreigners exempt from?
Chinese law
when did the mandate of heaven begin to be questioned?
during the opium war
what led to the opium war?
when the Chinese destroyed british opium shipment
who won the opium war?
the british
what do the british gain from winning the opium war?
ports including Hong Kong
what did the Chinese lose during the Opium war?
the mandate of heaven
what did the peasants set up during the Taiping Rebellion?
their own Christian Kingdom
what did some random guy pretend to be during the taiping rebellion?
the brother of Jesus
During the taiping rebellion what was replaced with what religion?
eastern thought was replaced with christianity
what led to the collapse of the manchus?
the taiping rebellion
what devastated the Qing dynasty?
the first sino-japanese war
who was defeated in the first sino-jap war?
china
who overthrows the Qing?
the KMT nationalist party
what kind of government was formed during the nationalist revolution?
republican
who is left in charge after Sun-Yat-Sen dies?
Chiang Kai-Shek
what led to the dynastic collapse?
opium and industrial revolution
what replaces Qing dynasty?
Nationalist China (KMT)
what does Mao apply to China?
Marxism
what is the little red book?
it has the teachings of Mao and Mao would make it illegal to not have a little red book on you at all times
what was Mao’s main goal?
to lead China into being a world power
Who did the CCP fight?
the KMT
CCP united with america to fight who?
The Japanese in wwii
the long march
- led by mao
- decimated the CCP
- unified the survivors
who helped with arms?
the soviets
who defeated the KMT?
The peoples republic of china
who is the leader of PRC?
Mao
what type of government did PRC have?
communist
who had a god like status?
mao
hundred flowers campaign
- a ruse by Mao
- encouraged dissent and new ideas
- led the anti-rightest campaign
what was the goal of the great leap forward?
modernization program
what was land divided into?
communes
what did communes allow the government to have?
complete control
steel production
- backyard blast furnaces
- compete with US
- everyday stuff melted down
what production fell?
food
what happened to all the food that was produced in china?
it was exported out of china and sold for weapons
what was moa focused on?
agriculture and industry
what were big natural disaster problems in china?
floods and draughts
what did moa purge china of?
people he saw as threats
what were the four olds Moa wanted to get rid of?
old culture
old habits
old customs
old ideas
what did the red guards consist mainly of?
students
what is something mao did well?
he was a guerilla fighter and he was a good leader
who were moas greatest enemies?
men who liked to comprimise
who did the red guard attack mainly?
teachers and principles
what will nixon be remembered for?
his alliance with china against the soviet union
ping pong diplomacy
The Cultural Revolution
started by mao
destroyed china and rebuild it in his image by ridding it of his enemies
The Great Leap forward
focused on agriculture and industry
collectivization
Who made the open door policy?
Deng xiaoping
What were the four modernizations?
- Modernize agriculture
- Expand industry
- Develop science and technology
- Upgrade defense force
What was different about the way they got their food now hat Mao was out of power?
They made their own so the cared more about getting it so not as many people were hungry
Compare and contrast Mao and deng in terms of trade
Mao thought China was completely self reliant and could support themselves
Deng realized their need for foreign technology and money to modernize. He opened trade with the he US. Socialism with some private companies. He created the open door policy.
Who was protesting not in Tiananmen Square?
Students
Why was there a protest in Tiananmen Square?
Because Yoabang was killed and he was a seen as a reformer to democratic change
What did the students want?
To reform the system
True or false: the students protesting wanted to change the system
False, they just wanted to reform it
Who was anti CCP?
The students protesting
How did the government react to the protests in Tiananmen Square?
They violently put them down. They had at first turned of water, then they began shooting people and running them over with tanks
what does SEZ stand for?
Special economic zones
Special economic zones (SEZ)
Tax benefits to foreign countries
Towns booming
Hong Kong was a model for China
Why was Hong Kong a model for south eastern China?
They had a communist government and a capitalist economy
Who is the leader of China at this time?
Xi Jinping
True or false: China has the largest land army in the world
True
True or false: present day China has freedom of speech
False, they only partially do
Filial piety
The duty and respect a child has for their parents
Foot binding and long finger nails
Shows they have a higher status
Gentry
Wealthy land owners
Soothsayer
Someone who makes predictions about the future
Mongols
Big threat
Marco Polo was a leader
Built roads
Gun powder
Great Wall
Built to keep out Mongols
Chi
Energy
Kow tow
Boeing in respect
Boxers
Expel foreigners and defeated Qing
Book that has maos teachings in it
Little red book
President of new republic
Helped organize the nationalist party
Sun Yatsen
Commander of the nationalist army
Leader following Sun Yatsen
Chiang Kai-Shek
Mao Zedong
Leader of the Chinese communist party
Dictator who killed the most people in human history
Communes
Government controlled farms collectivized community kitchens
How did Britain gain control of China?
Opium war
Who fought in the Chinese civil war?
The nationalists (KMT) against the communist party
Impact of communism on China
Agriculture was taken over by government
People were forced to work and give the good up
Destroyed old culture
What were the Chinese views on women?
Not important
What was the Mandate of Heaven?
It meant that the person in power was given their power by God
Who was the first emperor of China?
Sho Huangdi
What kind of idea is the Mandate of Heaven?
A Confucian idea
Which dynasty did Shi Huangdi?
The Qin dynasty
Qui
China
Who built the Great Wall of China?
Shi Huangdi
What does the Great Wall symbolize?
The Chinese attitude towards the outside world
Who started Taoism?
Lao Zi
What does Doa mean?
The way
What rejects Confucian ideas about proper behavior?
Legalism
Who used a legalistic philosophy to rule?
Shi Huangdi
What is saving face?
Maintaining order
How long does shame last in saving face?
3 generations
