Chimpanzee Behavior Flashcards
1
Q
range of common chimp v range of bonobo
A
-common chimp - wider range
2
Q
characteristics of chimpanzees
A
- knuckle walking
- travel to forage
- sleep in nests at night
- largest brained primate
3
Q
Fiona Stewart
A
-studied the comfort of chimp nests - they are comfortable
4
Q
Jane Goodall
A
- biggest commitment to studying chimps
- began study in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
- 1st person to habituate chimps, sit close to them and identify them individually
- today: spends most of time on conservation
5
Q
Discoveries about chimp behavior
A
- tool-making - leaves as sponges; ant dipping
- meat eating
- use medicinal plants to get rid of worms
- complex social relationships: mother/infant, greeting rituals, response to loss (emotional bonds)
- “warfare”
- infanticide/cannibalism
6
Q
social structure of chimps
- what is it
- who first discovered it and what name did he give it
A
- community - fission/fusion
- discovered by Toshiada Nishiada but he gave a name that didn’t stick (unit groups)
- Jane Goodall gave current name and this stuck
7
Q
foraging and traveling structure
- 7 types of traveling structures
- forage together or alone
A
- single female
- double female - juvenlies
- single female, multi-male
- single male
- multi-male
- single female + infant
- older mom and daughter with their children
- *all of the chimps know each other, but they don’t forage together
8
Q
adult male hierarchy
A
- sons enter dominance age around 15-20 years
- they move up if they are aggressive
- males stay within group
9
Q
Female special characteristics
A
- they emigrate, whereas usually males emigrate
- fertile: males hover around her; females are promiscuous - mates with several males until she is pregnant and travels with them; then travels alone until she gives birth
10
Q
Chimpanzee reunions
A
- groom each other upon reunion
- social grooming - reduces tension, social bonding, conflict resolution
- reconciliation
11
Q
maturation timeline
A
- pregnancy: 8 mo
- infancy: 3-4 yrs
- juv/subadult: 5-8 yrs
- puberty: 10-12 yrs (f); 11-13 yrs (m)
- adolescence/sterility: 2.5 yrs (f only)
- 1st pregnancy: 12-14 yrs
12
Q
female development path
A
-usually emigrate to new community between puberty and adolescence
13
Q
male development path
A
- stay in community
- dominance hierarchy during adolescence
- alpha at 25 yrs
14
Q
relationship between number of hunters and success of foraging
A
percent success of foraging increases with number of hunters
15
Q
Story of Figan and Faben
A
- 2 sons of Flo
- Faben was on the path to becoming alpha male but he got polio
- hooked up with his brother Figan and together they became dominant
- 2 brothers killed off males in another community