Chimpanzee Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

range of common chimp v range of bonobo

A

-common chimp - wider range

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2
Q

characteristics of chimpanzees

A
  • knuckle walking
  • travel to forage
  • sleep in nests at night
  • largest brained primate
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3
Q

Fiona Stewart

A

-studied the comfort of chimp nests - they are comfortable

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4
Q

Jane Goodall

A
  • biggest commitment to studying chimps
  • began study in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
  • 1st person to habituate chimps, sit close to them and identify them individually
  • today: spends most of time on conservation
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5
Q

Discoveries about chimp behavior

A
  • tool-making - leaves as sponges; ant dipping
  • meat eating
  • use medicinal plants to get rid of worms
  • complex social relationships: mother/infant, greeting rituals, response to loss (emotional bonds)
  • “warfare”
  • infanticide/cannibalism
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6
Q

social structure of chimps

  • what is it
  • who first discovered it and what name did he give it
A
  • community - fission/fusion
  • discovered by Toshiada Nishiada but he gave a name that didn’t stick (unit groups)
  • Jane Goodall gave current name and this stuck
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7
Q

foraging and traveling structure

  • 7 types of traveling structures
  • forage together or alone
A
  • single female
  • double female - juvenlies
  • single female, multi-male
  • single male
  • multi-male
  • single female + infant
  • older mom and daughter with their children
  • *all of the chimps know each other, but they don’t forage together
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8
Q

adult male hierarchy

A
  • sons enter dominance age around 15-20 years
  • they move up if they are aggressive
  • males stay within group
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9
Q

Female special characteristics

A
  • they emigrate, whereas usually males emigrate
  • fertile: males hover around her; females are promiscuous - mates with several males until she is pregnant and travels with them; then travels alone until she gives birth
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10
Q

Chimpanzee reunions

A
  • groom each other upon reunion
  • social grooming - reduces tension, social bonding, conflict resolution
  • reconciliation
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11
Q

maturation timeline

A
  • pregnancy: 8 mo
  • infancy: 3-4 yrs
  • juv/subadult: 5-8 yrs
  • puberty: 10-12 yrs (f); 11-13 yrs (m)
  • adolescence/sterility: 2.5 yrs (f only)
  • 1st pregnancy: 12-14 yrs
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12
Q

female development path

A

-usually emigrate to new community between puberty and adolescence

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13
Q

male development path

A
  • stay in community
  • dominance hierarchy during adolescence
  • alpha at 25 yrs
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14
Q

relationship between number of hunters and success of foraging

A

percent success of foraging increases with number of hunters

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15
Q

Story of Figan and Faben

A
  • 2 sons of Flo
  • Faben was on the path to becoming alpha male but he got polio
  • hooked up with his brother Figan and together they became dominant
  • 2 brothers killed off males in another community
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16
Q

Communities set up by Jane Goodall

A
  • north to south
  • Mitumba
  • Kasakela (Figan and Faben lived here)
  • Kahama
  • Kalande
  • gave out extensive bananas but this upset natural foraging patterns, so they stopped
17
Q

Jane Goodall timeline of events

A
  • Provisioned Chimps (1962-67)
  • Polio outbreak (1966) - Faben
  • Provisioning reduced (1967-73)
  • Kasakela and Kahama divided (1970); 2 distinct groups (1972)
  • Attacks on Kahama males by Kasakela males (1974-77)