Chillout 2 Flashcards by Rd Pingoy

Medussa head

locks of matted hair

Bacillus Anthracis

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Pathogenic factors of anthrax

Lethal and Edema - kills

Protective antigen - mediates entry

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What type of anthrax that kills?

Pulmonary anthrax

“woolsorter’s disease”

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Hemorrhagic pneumonia..
death in 1 to 3 days.
Spore inhilation

Pulmonary anthrax

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MC type of anthrax

Cutaneous(95%)

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tx for anthrax

PEN G
erythromycin
vaccine

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Malignant postule is aka

Black eschar

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Two toxins of Bacillus cereus

Enetic - fried rice

Diarrheal - meat dishes and sauces

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Bacillus anthracolis is made up of….

Poly D Glutamate

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What is life-threatening pneumoniancharacterized by mediastinal hemorrage lymphadenitis?

Woolsorter’s disease or Pulmonary Anthrax

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Warm food poisoning

B. cereus

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Malignant pustules and CENTRAL necrosis or eschar formation with painful regional lymphadenopathy

Cutaneous anthrax

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Slow growing obligate aorobe

Slipping and Snapping forms

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(+) niacin

Catapase (-) @ 68 degress

MTB

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Serpentine growth

MTB

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What causes the serpentine growth in vitro?

also responsible for virulence

Cord Factor - Trehalose Dimycolate

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how many weeks does MTB need to be positive for culture?

6 weels

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responsible for caseous necrosis

phosphatides

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Granuloma with typical Langhan’s giant cells, epithelioid cells and fibrosis

Classic tuhular lesion of MTB

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Conditions with

apical infiltrates and perihilar cavitations

Wegener’s granulomatosis
Sarcoidosis
MTB

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Provides a definitive dx for active TB

Direct sputum mocroscopy

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Bone TB in children and in adult location

Upper thoracic: children

Lower thoracic/upper lumbar infiltrates: adults

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Skip lesions and cobblestone appearance conditions

Crohn’s

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Difference in TB and Crohns

Granuloma in TB

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Most common initial presentation of PTB

wt loss

most common extrapulmonary sitenof TB

Best initial test for TB

CXR

Positive PPD is defined as

Induration equal or greater than 10mm after 4i8 to 72 hours after injection

Positive PPD test in HIV px

5mm

Natural Resistance Assoc Macrophage protein (NRAM) genetic protein BEG gene

Mycobacrerium avium intracellulare

Anti TB drugs should have these 3 properties

bactericidal sterilizing ability to prevent resistance

First line TB drugs

``` Isoniazid Rifampin Ethambutol Pyrazinamide Streptomycun ```

Second line drugs for TB

Quonolones | Aminoglycosides

Hansens disease

Leprosy

Toxin of M. leprae

NONE

the only bacterium that invades peripheral nerves

M. leprae

M. leprae cell wall contains what?

phenolic glycolipid(PGL-1)

M.leprae like this types of temp and tissues

Cool skin and extremities | 32C-34C

Packs of cigars in microscope

M. leprae

M.leprae skin test

Lepromin

determines weather the leprosy is tuberculoid or lepromatous

Th lymphocyte response

Incubation period of leprosy

2-40 years | generally 5-7yrs

skin anesthesias asymmetric enlargement of one or a few peripheral nerves muscle atrophy

Tuberculoid leprosy (TT, BT)

Type of leprosy CD4 helper T predominates positice lepromine Absent or few in AFB

tuberculoid leprosy

Type of leprosy most unstable form "punched out" or "swiss cheese" appearance

Borderline leprosy

Type of leprosy ``` Aka anergic Numerous in AFB CD8 predominates symmetric nerver enlargement upper RT, anterior eye chamber and the testes negstive lepromin test ```

Polar Lepromatous leprosy

leprosy Tx

Dapsone clofazimine rifampin

TB mening affects what part of the brain?

Brain stem | CN III VI VII

Most serious complication of TB meningitis

Hydrocephalus | endarteritis

CSF in TB meningitis shows

Spiderweb coagulum

CSF in TB meningitis

High protein High leukocyte | Low glucose

gold standard for TB meningitis

Culture

Adjunctive Glucoccorticoid Therapy

Dexamethasone

H. influenza virulence factore

IgA protease

H. influenza agar

chocolate agar

haEMOPhilus is

Epiglottis meningitis otitis media pneumonia

Capsulated Neiserria with negative beta lactamase production

N. meningitidis

Green metallic stresks

E. coli

substance in E coli causing neonatal sepsis and meningitis

K1 capsule endotoxin

``` E. coli Serotype 0157 HUS hamburgers microangiopathic hemolytic anemia renal failure thrombocytopenia ```

EHEC

Gram (-) bacilli raw eggs poluted water

Salmonella

Salmonella reservior

Galbladder

test for S. typhi

Widal trest | typhidot

Typhoid fever diseases

Dysentery Ileitis sickle cell anemia

Specimens taken

1st week Blood 2nd Urine 3rd stool Best specimen- hone marrow

Rose spots

typhoid

"hyperplasia ofbthe Peyer's patch

Typhoid ileitis

DOC for typhoid

Ceftriaxone | Old school Choromycetin

Meningitic oe typhoid dose for ceftriaxone

2gms Q12

Vibrio cholera 01-eltor toxin

Choleragen toxin

Culture medium for V. cholera

thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose agar

"rice water stool" | pea soup diarrhea

cholera

Toxin Hemolysin Gastroenteritis Seafood/shelldish

V. parahemolyticus

Vibrio + Cellulitis

V. vulnificus

UTI and Kidney stones

Proteus

Swarming growth

Proteus

type of flagella in Proteus

Peritrichous flagella

Enxyme produced by proteuse

Urease and | Phenylalanine deaminase + Fecl3 = green

Proteus antigens that cross reacts with ricketsia

OX-19 OX-2 andn OX-K

heterophile agglitination test for rickets proteus x reaction

Weil Felix reaction

Staghorn calculi

Proteus

Gram neg rod Oxidase + non fermenting Obligate aerobe

Pseudomonas

Pigments in pseudomonas

pyocyanin | pyoverdin

most common cause of gram negative nosocomial pneumonia and | mc in severe burn infections

Pseudomonas

icthyma gangrenosum

hot tub folliculitis in pseudomonas infection

Oral antihiotic with anti pseudomonal average

Ciprofloxacin

Smallest free living bacteria

mycoplasma

Eaton's agar

mycoplasma

Fried egg appearance on culture

mycoplasma

McC cause of atypical pneumonia | Clinical findings not compatible with Xray

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Cold agglutinin(+) causing anemia

Mycoplasma

Bullous myringitis

vesicles in tympanic membrane in Mycoplasma

Grame negative Facultatice Intracellular

Legionair

Stain in legionella

Dieterle

Fever hyponatremia Confusion

legionaires dse

Bat droppings

histoplasma

tx for legionares dse

erythromycin | Macrolides

Skinning of an infected animal bitten by a dear fly esting uncooked meat by a diseased animal

Francicella tularensis

Most common form of Francicella tularensis

Ulceroglandular