Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

english language 13 > childrens language > Flashcards

childrens language Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

what is politeness in terms of language levels?

A

pragmatics
an adult may not reply due to the fact that they want to child to be polite
teaching them q

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the most crucial areas of study in language development?

A

what a child uses language for and how they learn what language can do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what happens to syntax and pragmatics as children get older?

A

they become more sophisticated as a child acquires more words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the preverbal stage?

A

a table showing the development of words and meanings from 0 to 12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the preverbal stages?

A

vegetative 0-4
cooing 3-6
babbling -6-12
protoword 9-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is generally said about a childs comprehension?

A

that they are more advanced in their comprehension than their production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the productive voabulary at 18 months?

A

50 words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the productive vocabulary at 24 months?

A

200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

whta is the productive vocabulary at 36 months?

A

2000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how many words does a child learn a day?

A

linguists put it at 10 words a day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what did nelson say about a child’s first words?

A

nelson said that 60% of a child’s first words are nouns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what did bloom say that argued against nelson?

A

that this theory is noun bias in the fact that nouns outnumber verbs in 5:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why does environment play a part in types of words that are developed?

A

people in a city are likely to have a different vocabulary to rural areas in the fact that certain words will be more important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are common patterns in child first words according to saxton?

A

food and rink
family
animals
clothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the two types of ways in which children can stretch words

A

overextension and underextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does mislabelling of words show>

A

sheds light on how they learn to link words and their meanings to objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

who made a theory about overextension?

A

rescorla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what were the three types of overextension in rescorlas theory?

A

categorical
analogical
mismatch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is categorical overextension?

A

most common form

when a hyponym is used for a hypernym

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is analogical overextension?

A

found in 15% of rescorlas cases
more related to the function or perception of the object
scarf is a cat if you stroke it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is mismatch over extension?

A

25% of over extensions
abstract links
doll to a cot

22
Q

what are the three stages of aitchinsons table of how children acquire words and their meanings? 1987

A

labelling - linking words to things
packaging - stage of overextesnions
network building - connecting all the labels

23
Q

what does aitchisons aquistions of words model show?

A

that the process of inquiring words is an active and deductive process involving the child to make sense of the world

24
Q

what are the types of processes involving sounds in a child language?

A 
addition 
deletion 
reduplication 
substitution
consonant cluster reduction 
deletion of unstressed syllables 
assimilation
25
Q

what is additon in sounds?

A

adding an extra vowel sound to create cvcv structure

26
Q

what is deletion of sounds?

A

leaving out to last contestant

27
Q

what is reduplication of sounds?

A

repeating particular sounds

28
Q

what is substitution of sounds?

A

one sound is swapped for another

29
Q

what is constant cluster reduction in sounds?

A

the child may find it hard to pronounce a number of constants together so get rid of them

30
Q

what is assimilation of sounds?

A

a sound is substitute for others sounds that are closer to the word
dogi gogi

31
Q

what are the stages in child acquisition of language?

A 
proto word 
holophrastic phase 
two word 
telegraphic 
post telegraphic
32
Q

what is the proto word stage?q

A

cvcv sounds that are similar to actual words but applied inconsistently

33
Q

what is the holophrastic stage?

A

single words that are used consistently
normally around 12 months
sound can only become word if used properly
holophrases

34
Q

what is a holophrase?

A

whole phrase
one word is used to represent an entire phrase
gessalt expressions

35
Q

what are gessalt expressions?

A

one word phrases that consist of two words that have been put together

36
Q

what is the two word stage?

A

syntax comes into play with the child likely to form mini sentences
braine - words in thsi stage are usually pivot words such as allgone which can be combined further

37
Q

what did brown theorise about the two word stage?

A

that most phrases include one word of what is being done and a thing being acted upon
doer and what is being done

38
Q

what is the telegraphic stage?

A

beyond the two word stage in which more words are added to utterances but often emitting less meaningful grammar such as auxiliary verbs, determiners and prepositions

39
Q

what are auxillary verbs?

A

these are verbs that help other verbs such as have be do

40
Q

what is usually emitted in the telegraphic stage?

A

perceived less meaningful language such as auxiliary verbs, determiners and prepositions

41
Q

what are determiners?

A

a modifying word
the that those these
possessive determiners = his mine yours

42
Q

what are prepositions?

A

words that build a relationship to other words
after on before in
man ON the train
what did you do it FOR

43
Q

what is important aspect of syntax which starts to change in the two word / telegraphic stage?

A

chidlrne start to manipulate declarative sentences altering them into questions and negatives

44
Q

what is the post telegraphic stage?

A

childrens language rapidly develops
use of passive and active voice
correct use of inflections

45
Q

who did a study on infections?

A

cruttenden

46
Q

what did cruttenden find about infections?

A

3 stages
first stage children memorise
2nd general rule of inflections but over generalise ‘i runned’
3rd stage grasps the use

47
Q

who’s study shows that children have a basic knowledge of grammatical rules at a young age?

A

jean berko ‘wugs’

2-5

48
Q

who proposed a theory on pragmatic development?

A

halliday

49
Q

what was hallidays theory?

A

there are seven main functions in why a child uses specific language
instrumental - speakers need
regulatory influence behaviour of other
interactional - social, phatic talk (hello)
personal - speaker identity
informative - communicate info
heuristic - explore enviro, running childs talk
imaginative - explore enviro childs play

50
Q

how is turn taking trained into children?

A

through ritualised games such as peek a boo

scare then laugh etc

51
Q

what are virtuous errors?

A

when a child is trying to apply to rural of plurals but does not do it grammatically correctly
mans

52
Q

when do idioms start to be learnt?

A

age 3

english language 13 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions