Children's Health Flashcards
What is health promotion?
An activity which enhances health and includes disease prevention, health education and health protection
What is health affected by?
Genetics
Access
Environment
Lifestyle
Which of the factors affecting health are influenced by health promotion?
Access
Environment
Lifestyle
What is health education?
An activity involving communication with individuals or groups aimed at changing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behaviour in a direction which is conducive to improvements in health
What is health protection?
Involves collective activities directed at factors which are beyond the control of the individual. Health protection activities tend to be regulations or policies, or voluntary codes of practice aimed at the prevention of ill health or the positive enhancement of well-being.
What is empowerment?
Empowerment refers to the generation of power in those individuals and groups which previously considered themselves to be unable to control situations nor act on the basis of their choices.
What are the benefits of empowerment?
An ability to resist social pressure.
An ability to utilise effective coping strategies when faced by an unhealthy environment.
A heightened consciousness of action.
In order, what are the stages of the cycle of change?
1 - Pre-contemplation
2 - Contemplation
3 - Action
4 - Maintenance or regression
What are some examples of planned health promotion in a primary care setting?
1 - Posters
2 - Chronic disease clinics
3 - Vaccinations
4 - Screening programmes (cervical, breast, bowel)
What are some examples of opportunistic health promotion in a primary care setting?
1 - Advice within surgery
2 - Smoking cessation advice
3 - Diet improvement advice
4 - Measuring BP
What are some examples of legislative health promotion the government can give?
1 - Legal age limits
2 - Smoking ban
3 - Health and safety
4 - Highway code
What are some examples of economic health promotion that can be made by the government?
Tax on cigarettes and alcohol
What is meant by primary prevention and give a few examples?
Measures taken to prevent onset of illness or injury
Reduces probability and or/severity of illness or injury
Smoking cessation
Immunisation
What is secondary prevention?
Detection of a disease at an early (preclinical) stage in order to cure, prevent, or lessen symptomatology
What are Wilson’s criteria for screening?
Is the disease an important public health problem
Will the test detect the condition at an early-pre-clinical stage
Is the natural history of the disease well understood
Is there a test available for the condition
Is the test safe
Is the cost of the test reasonable
Is the test specific
Is the test sensitive
Does the overall cost-benefit analysis make it worthwhile
Is the treatment for the conditon being screened for safe
