Childhoond Nutrition

Question 1

Childhood categories and ages

Answer 1

Toddler 1-3y
Preschool 3-5y
Middle childhood 5-10y
Preadolescent girls 9-11y boys 9-12y

Question 2

What factors influence childhood nutrition?

Answer 2

Family
Media
Peers
Body image
Education

Question 3

Childhood nutrition assessment

Answer 3

Weigh with light clothing
Height with no shoes
CDC growth chart
– Weight-for-age
– Length- or stature-for-age
– Weight-for-length or -stature
– BMI-for-age

Question 4

Toddler and preschool feeding

Answer 4

Self feed skills
Small portion size
4-6 meals/d
4oz/6oz/8oz

Question 5

Choking hazards

Answer 5

Nuts, peanut butter, popcorn, hard candy
Hot dogs, grapes, raw veggies
Eating fast
Unsupervised eating

Question 6

School age 6-12yr feeding

Answer 6

Slow steady growth
Fewer meals
Snacking
Skip breakfast
Less family meals
School lunch program
Vending machines

Question 7

Feeding concerns for children

Answer 7

1. Drinks too little milk
2. Refuses meats
3. Refuses veggies and fruits
4. Eats too many sweets
5. Drinks too much milk

Question 8

Child nutrition issues

Answer 8

Iron def anemia
Food jags
Constipation
Oral health
Food security
Food safety

Question 9

Food Jags

Answer 9

Toddler (2-6 yrs)
* Request one food item at every meal
* Fear of new food
* refuse to eat what is served

Question 10

Recommendations against Food jags

Answer 10

• Recommended
  – provide variety food from early age in form of baby food
  – pleasing eyes with shape, color, texture
  – never coerce a child to eat
  – avoid high sugar snack

Question 11

Protein needs

Answer 11

0 to 6 m 1.5 g/kg/day or 9.1 g
6 to 12m 1.2 g/kg/day or 11 g
1-3 y 1.10g/kg/d or 13 g/d
4-8 y 0.95 g/kg/d or 19 g/d
9-13 y 0.90 g/kg/d or 34 g/d
14-18 y 0.85 g/kg/d; 52 (M), 46 (F) g/d
Adult 0.8 g/kg/d; 56 (M), 46 (F) g/d

Question 12

Vitamin D DRI

Answer 12

15 ug, 600 IU

Question 13

2 most deficient mineral

Answer 13

Ca and Fe

Question 14

Ca DRI

Answer 14

DRI
1-2 y 500 mg/d
3-8 y 800 mg/d
9-18 y 1,300 mg/d

Risk group
– rapid growth
– diet practices
– substituting soda for milk
– low vit D

Question 15

Fe DRI

Answer 15

DRI
1-3 y 7 mg/d
4-8 y 10 mg/d
Pubertal males 11 mg/d
Pubertal female 15 mg/d
* Iron deficiency anemia may be
related to poor performance on
developmental test and delayed
cognitive function
Fe

Question 16

Who needs supplements

Answer 16

With anorexia, inadequate appetites or poor diets
– With chronic diseases
– From deprived families
– Using a dietary program to manage obesity
– Who do not adequate amount of consume dairy
– With failure to thriv

Question 17

Physical activity 2-17

Answer 17

60min/d

Question 18

ADHD treatment

Answer 18

• Feingold diet: eliminate artificial color, flavor
  and sweetener and preservatives
  – Feingold diet + eliminate some foods (chocolate, sugar
  and caffeine)  improve behavior (Kaplan et al.,
  Pediatrics 1989)
  – medication (Ritalin or Adderal) : may affect growth
  – megavitamin therapy (toxicity?)
  – DHA, evening primrose oil