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notion 2 > Child health > Flashcards

Child health Flashcards

1
Q

normal weight for baby

A

2.5-4kg

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2
Q

agar score is an objective measure of what

A

perinatal adaptation

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3
Q

what is given to babies to prevent haemorrhage disease

A

vitamin K

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4
Q

what vaccine is considered to be given at birth

A

hep B

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5
Q

retinopathy of prematurity usually occurs how long after delivery

A

6-8 weeks

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6
Q

late complication of prematurity

A

osteopenia

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7
Q

the higher the agar score the

A

better

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8
Q

conjugated bilirubin is always

A

pathological

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9
Q

what is the definition of prolonged jaundice

A

over 14 days in term and over 21 days in a preterm

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10
Q

what affects 75% of infants born before 29 weeks

A

resp distress

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11
Q

dim environment for

A

neonatal abstinence syndrome

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12
Q

when is therapeutic hypothermia given

A

hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy

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13
Q

what genetic test for floppy baby

A

NGS

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14
Q

what is hydrocephalus

A

CSF build up in brain and spina chord

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15
Q

how doe hydrocephalus present

A

enlarging and rapidly increasing head circumference and bulging anterior fontanelle

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16
Q

management for hydrocephalus

A

ventriculoperitoneal shunt

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17
Q

green bile, distended abdomen and absent bowel sounds

A

necrotising enterocolitis

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18
Q

dilated loops of bowel and gas in bowel wall

A

necrotisisng enterocolitis

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19
Q

treatment for necrotising enterocolitis

A

nil by mouth, clindamycin and cefotaxime

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20
Q

most common type of intravenricualr haemorrhage

A

germinal matrix

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21
Q

neonate typically presents with abdominal distension and bilious vomiting within the first 24 hours of birth

A

jejunal atresia

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22
Q

midgut volvulus is a

A

malrotation

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23
Q

investigation for malrotation

A

upper GI contrast and followthrough

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24
Q

manifestation of CF

A

meconium ileus

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25
cerebral palsy can be till how long postnatally
1 month
26
duchenes is on what chromosome
X
27
how can girls contribute to duchennes
they can carriers
28
reactive attachment disorder begins before when
5 years
29
excessive familiarity with strangers
disinhibited
30
what grid can be used for distinguishing RAD And ASD
coventry
31
not first line but medication for aggressive behaviour
risperidone
32
croup is characteristically what virus
parainfleunza
33
oedema in the larynx
croup
34
expiratory wheeze throughout chest and chest tight on auscultation
asthma
35
what is the most common viral cause of pneumonia in kids
rsv
36
the cough in children's pneumonia is typically
wet and productive
37
signs of pneumonia
harsh breath sounds focal coarse crackles Dullness to percuss
38
what is the antibiotics is need to cover atypical or in allergy
erythromycin
39
HR in SVT in kids is between
150-270
40
new or changing heart murmur
infective endocarditis
41
gastroenteritis is most commonly caused
virals
42
nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea
gastroenteritis
43
vomiting milm
pyloric stenosis
44
pyloric stenosis typically occurs between
2-12 weeks and often aft baby is fed. projectile vomiting
45
peristalsis across the abdomen and may feel abdominal mass in
pyloric stenosis - do US
46
intussception is when the bowel
telescopes on itself
47
intussception mass is where
RUQ
48
describe the abdo pain of intussusception
severe and colicky
49
target sign
intussception
50
treatment for intussception
air reduction
51
scan if unsure of appendicitis
US
52
uti pain is particularly
suprapubic
53
all children with UT I under 3 months should start
immediate IV antibiotics
54
how long do hydroceles normally take to resolve
2 years
55
need surgery if hydrocele has a connection with the
peritoneal cavity
56
when do you potentially attempt surgery for undescended testes
watch and wait till around 6-12 months
57
urethral meatus is on under side of penis rather than tip
hypospadias
58
most common cause of encephalitis ( inflammation of the brain)
HSV
59
investigation for encephalitis
lumbar puncture and imaging
60
encephalitis treatment
acyclovir
61
altered consciousness and unusual behaviour
encephalitis
62
most common cause of meningitis in neonates
Group B strep
63
investigation for meningitis
lumbar puncture
64
bacterial treatment for meningitis
under 3 moths - cefotaxime plus amoxicillin over 3 months - ceftriaxone pen allergic - chloramphenicol steriods can reduce hearing loss and neurological damage
65
seizure commonly after minor bump to head
reflex anoxic seizure
66
brachycephaly is seen in Down syndrome what is it
small head with a flat back
67
cancer more common in downs
leukemia
68
why do you need to check TFTS annually in downs
more prone to hypothyroidism
69
cardiac defects in downs
ASD< VSD< patent ductus arterioles and tetralogy of fallot
70
visual problems in downs
myopia, strabismus , cataracts
71
management for diarrhoea globally
oral rehydration solution and zinc supplements
72
most babies born to HIV positive mothers without intervention are
not infected
73
what can be given to infants as prophylaxis if HIV positive mother
co-trimoxazole
74
recurrent infctions
HIV
75
testing for HIV
under 18 months - per over 18 months - antibody test
76
staging for HIV based on
CD4+ count
77
what is HAART
two NRTs plus one NNRT or protease inhibitor
78
nrti
abacavir
79
NNRTI
efavirenx
80
protease inhibitpr
kaletra
81
complication of HIV treatment can be managed with
NSAIDs
82
do most children infected with M. tuberculosis develop tb
no
83
major rf for tb
HIV
84
what test not done in children under 5 for tb
interferon gamma release assay
85
plasmodium
parasite in malaria
86
most severe parasite in malaria as can cross blood Brian barrier
P. falciparum
87
tretamten for malaria
aremisin base combination therapy
88
severe malaria treatment
artesunate
89
diagnosis of severe acute malnutrition
mid arm circumference less than 115cm weight for height under 3SD oedema of both feet
90
what should be given immediately if inpatient for malnutrition
glucose/ sucrose immediately on admission do not use IV route for rehydration except in shock
91
what is not suitable for severely malnourished patients
ORS- oral rehydration solution
92
in malnutrition what can aggregate infection early on
iron

notion 2 (9 decks)

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