Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RDA > Child Development > Flashcards

Child Development Flashcards

1
Q

What does the rubrospinal tract do?

A

Automatic movements of arm in response to posture/balance changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the reticulospinal tract do?

A

Coordinates automated movements of locomotion and posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the vestibulospinal tract do?

A

Regulates balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the olivospinal tract do?

A

Transmission of unconscious proprioception and balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the four domains of development?

A

Gross motor skills
Fine motor skills
Social skills
Speech & language skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give examples of gross motor skills

A 
Head lag
Sitting
Walking
Running
Position
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give examples of fine motor skills

A

Use of hands
Grasp
Fine pincer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give examples of speech and language skills

A

Vocalisation
Words
Understanding
Imaginative player

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give examples of social skills

A

Social interaction
Stranger reaction
Eating skills
Dressing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the moro reflex?

A

When you quickly drop a baby’s head and they abduct and quickly adduct their arms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What types of patterns of development would be abnormal?

A

Slow but steady
Plateau
Regression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List some common problems in the development of children

A 
Delayed walker
Clumsy child
Delayed speech and language 
Odd social interaction 
Hyperactivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which part of the brain is implicated in ADHD

A

Prefrontal cortex - low levels of dopamine -> lack of concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give some features of autism

A

Impaired social interaction (solitary play)
Impaired communication (avoidance of gaze)
Restricted interests
Repetitive behaviours
Self stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is cerebral palsy?

A

Impaired corticospinal pathway -> motor deficits
Imbalance of flexors and extensors
Increased tone in legs due to lack of inhibition from corticospinal pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two types of developmental delay?

A

Global vs specific

17
Q

List some general causes of global delay

A 
Chromosomal abnormalities
Metabolic disorders
Antenatal and perinatal factors
Environmental-social issues
Chronic illness
18
Q

Which factors lead to developmental delay?

A

Lack of physical/psychological stimuli
Sensory/motor impairment
Ill health
Reduced inherent potential

19
Q

List some metabolic causes of global delay

A

Hypothyroidism

Inborn errors of metabolism

20
Q

List some antenatal/perinatal factors causing global delay

A 
Infections 
Drugs
Toxins
Anoxia 
Trauma
Folate deficiency
21
Q

List some causes of motor delay

A 
Cerebral palsy
Down's 
Congenital hip dislocation 
Social deprivation 
Muscular dystrophy (Duchenne's)
Neural tube defects
Hydrocephalus
22
Q

List some causes of language delay

A

Hearing loss
Learning disability
ASD
Lack of stimulation
Impaired comprehension of language (development dysphasia)
Impaired speech production (stammer, dysarthria)

23
Q

How would you assess the child’s development?

A

Ask about milestones
Observe the child
Get the child to do task

24
Q

What history would you ask the parents?

A

Birth history
Family history
Developmental history
Parental anxiety

25
Q

List some commonly used assessment tools

A

Schedule of growing skills
Griffiths developmental scale
Bailey developmental scale
Denver developmental screening tests

26
Q

What would you look for during the focussed physical examination?

A

The general look of the child
Growth - height, weight, occipitofrontal circumference
Hearing and vision
Neurological examination
Skin
Systems examination to identify syndromes
Genitalia

27
Q

Which bloods would you request?

A 
FBC
Ferritin 
Metabolic screen (TFTs, U&Es, LFT, bone profile)
Lead
Organic ions
Amino acids
Creatine kinase Ammonia 
Lactate
28
Q

What imaging/other things would you arrange?

A 
US
CT/MRI
EEG
Cytogenetic studies e.g. chromosomes
Nerve and muscle biopsy!
29
Q

What are the objectives of management?

A

Maximise mobility
Minimise discomfort
Promote speech and language
Promote social and emotional health

30
Q

List members of the MDT involved in child developmental services

A 
Speech and language therapist 
OT
Paediatrician 
Physiotherapist 
Dietician 
Social work 
Psychologist 
Specialist health advisor
31
Q

Give some common signs which suggest that a child’s development is delayed

A 
Delayed walking 
Clumsy child 
Delayed speech and language 
Odd social interaction 
Hyperactivity
32
Q

What birth history would be significant?

A

Prematurity

Prolonged or complicated labour

33
Q

What antenatal history would be significant?

A 
Illness
Infections
Medications
Drugs
Environmental exposures
34
Q

What postnatal history would be significant?

A

Trauma
Illness
Infections

35
Q

What would you ask about the parents?

A

Consanguinity

RDA (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions