CHF Flashcards
Pump failure that fails to meet the metabolic demands of the body. May be structural or functional cardiac disorder
HF definition - usually hypovolemic
Contractile state, preload, afterload, HR govern
CO
LV EF is low and there is eccentric remodeling
Systolic HF
HFrEF
LV systolic function is preserved. High filling pressure. Concentric remodeling.
HFpEF
ventricular stiffness
Causes of HFrEF
1) Cardiac Ischemia
2) Severe HTN
AS, valvular regurg
Causes of HFpEF
HCM, RCM, Tamponade, constrictive pericaditis,
LVEF levels are
50-70% normal
Borderline = 40-50%
Low< 40%
LV failure causes
Arrhythmias (A-fib), valvular disease, CM, high output states (anemia, Hyperthyroidism)
RV failure causes
PE, OSA, Infective endocarditis, Pulm HTN
Biventricular Failure
LV failure, CM, Arrhythmias, Anemia, Paget, Beri Beri
Acute HF causes
Myocardial infarct, ventricular septum wall rupture, PE, Tamponade.
ACC/AHA stages
A: high risk HF w/o structual HF or sxs (HTN)
B: Structural Heart disease w/o Sxs (LV dysfunc)
C: Structural heart disease w/ HF sxs
D: Refractory HF
NYHA classes
I) Asympt
II) sxs with moderate exertion
III) Sxs w/ min exertion
IV) sxs at rest
LV failure SXS
Dysnpea, fatigue, weight gain, JVP, PND
RV failure SXS
Edema, JVD, S3 gallop, Hepatomegaly, Ascites, Anasarca