CHF Flashcards
Causes of CHF:
C
C
M
cardiomegaly
cardiomyopathy
MI
Causes of CHF: Cardiomegally H C C V
Hypertension- LVH
COPD- RVH or COr pulmonale
Congenital Heart Defect
Valvular heart defect
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
increase pulmonary wedge pressure
Left
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
HYpertension
Right
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
strong bounding pulse
Right
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
Hypoxia
Left
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
confusion
Left
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
increase CVP
Right
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
Ascites
Right
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
Hepatospleenomegally
Right
S/SX of CHF: Left or Right?
Tachycardia
Left
Management: CHF: Goal
UNLOADFAST
Test: D P
A
Upright position Fluids
Nitrates Afterload(decrease)
Lasix Sodium restriction
Oxygen Test: digoxin level
Ace Inhibitor ABG
Digoxin Potassium level
Management: CHF: Goal
potent vasodilator
nitrates
Management: CHF: Goal
decreases vascular resistance causing decrease cardiac workload
nitrates
Management: CHF: Goal
potassium wasting
correct edema
lasix
Management: CHF: Goal
drugs ending in PRIL
ace inhibitor
Management: CHF: Goal
agent increase blood potassium Level
ace inhibitor
Management: CHF: Goal
ace inhibitor best time to take
ac meal
Management: CHF: Goal
ace inhibitor Must be reported when:
C- (symptoms}
E- (symptoms}
cough- dry
edema- periorbital edema or facial edema
Management: CHF: Goal
DOC
Digitalis- cardiac glycosides
Management: CHF: Goal: Digitalis
2 type Effect:
increases force of contraction?
decrease heart rate?
1 Inotrophic effect
2 chronotrophic effect
Management: CHF: Goal: Lasix
electrolyte to watch out:
H
H
hyponatremia
hypokalemia
Management: CHF: Goal: Lasix
electrolyte that potentiates the effect of Digoxin
(Lanoxin) as a result of digitalis toxicity
hypokalemia
Management: CHF: Goal: Lasix
best time to take
morning
Management: CHF: Goal: Digitalis
Normal Digoxin level
0.5-2ng/ml
Management: CHF: Goal: Digitalis Toxicity V A N D A B
Visual disturbance Anorexia Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Abdominal Cramps Bradycardia
Management: CHF: Goal: Digitalis Toxicity
Antidote:
brand: D
D
Digoxin immune Fab
Digibind
Digifab
Management: CHF: Goal: restrictions
Electrolyte promotes water retention
sodium
Diagnostic exam while on CHF management?
A
P
D
H
ABG
POTASSIUM
DIGOXIN LEVEL
HEART FUNCTION
Management: CHF: Goal:
potentiates the effect of digoxin
Hypokalemia
Management: CHF:
The level drug monitored since patient in on diuretic therapy
Digoxin level
Management: CHF: heart function
Measures the right heart function
Sensor is placed in the right side of the heart
Central venous pressure (cvp)
Management: CHF: heart function
Normal cvp=_________ cm H2O or ____mmhg
⬆️ cvp=_____
⬇️cvp=_____
2-8cm h20 or 2-6 mmhg
⬆️ cvp= hypervolemia
⬇️ cvp= hypovolemia
Management: CHF: CVP
The positioned of patient during cvp measurement
Supine position
Management: CHF: heart function: pcwp
Normal pcwp=____mmhg
⬆️ pcwp=
⬇️ pcwp=
8-12mmhg
⬆️ pcwp= Pulmonary congestion
⬇️ pcwp= Shock
Management: CHF: heart function
Measures left heart function
Uses swan-ganz catheter
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Vascular Disorder
Also referred to as primary hypertension
A high blood pressure doesnt have a known secondary
Essential hypertension
Vascular Disorder
Also referred as secondary hypertension
Known secondary cause:
Non essential hypertension
Vascular Disorder: Non essential hypertension Secondary cause: R T A A C A C B C D
Renal Thyroid Adrenal Alcohol Cocaine Amphetamine Congenital Birth control Cold remedies Decongestant
Vascular Disorder: Management
Medication:
Agent prevents coversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
Ace inhibitor
