Chest pathologies

Question 1

foreign objects that are swallowed or aspirated into the air passages of the bronchial tree

Answer 1

aspiration

Question 2

most common in children when a foreign object is caught in the larynx or bronchial tree

Answer 2

aspiration

Question 3

for aspiration you would _ technique to see soft tissue

Answer 3

decrease

Question 4

collapse of all or part of lung: usually resultant from pneumothorax

Answer 4

atelectasis

Question 5

for atelectasis you would _ technique

Answer 5

increase

Question 6

excessive mucus is secreted in the bronchi creating a cough and shortness of breath

Answer 6

bronchitis

Question 7

for bronchitis the radiographic appearance is

Answer 7

hyperinflation and dominant lung marking

dirty lungs

Question 8

persistent obstruction of airway caused from emphysema or chronic bronchitis

Answer 8

COPD

Question 9

COPD stands for

Answer 9

Chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Question 10

what is the primary cause of COPD

Answer 10

smoking

Question 11

irreversible dilation or widening of bronchi or bronchioles that may result from repeated pulmonary infection or obstruction

Answer 11

bronchiectasis

Question 12

the most common of inherited diseases and is a condition in which secretions of heavy mucus cause progressive “clogging” of bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 12

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 13

Cystic fibrosis may be evident on chest radiographs as _ in specific lung regions, along with _

Answer 13

increased radio densities

hyperinflation

Question 14

a condition of shortness of breath, which creates a sensation of difficulty in breathing.

Answer 14

Dyspnea

Question 15

for dyspnea what are the commonly radiographs that are taken

Answer 15

PA and lateral

Question 16

dyspnea may also be caused by

Answer 16

pulmonary edema

Question 17

an irreversible and chronic lung disease in which air spaces in the alveoli become greatly enlarged as a result of alveolar wall destruction and less of alveolar elasticity.

Answer 17

Emphysema

Question 18

for emphysema lung fields appear very _, requiring a significant _ in exposure factors

Answer 18

radiolucent

decrease

Question 19

what is evident on chest radiographs by increased lung dimensions, barrel chest w/depressed and flattened diaphragm obscuring costophrenic angles & elongated heart shadow

Answer 19

emphysema

Question 20

most common in children ages 2-5. Life threatening condition, which can develop very rapidly

Answer 20

Epiglottis

Question 21

for epiglottis what may demonstrate edema or swelling at the point of the epiglottis

Answer 21

soft tissue lateral of the upper airway

Question 22

refers to a growth or tumor and may be benign or malignant.

Answer 22

Lung Neoplasia

Question 23

a condition of abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity

Answer 23

Pleural Effusion

Question 24

what are two types of pleural effusion

Answer 24

empyema and Hemothorax

Question 25

type of pleural effusion. occurs when the fluid is pus.

Answer 25

Empyema

Question 26

type of pleural effusion. occurs when the fluid is blood

Answer 26

Hemothorax

Question 27

characterized by inflammation of the pleura surrounding the lungs

Answer 27

Pleurisy

Question 28

an inflammation of the lungs that results in accumulation of fluid that occurs in certain sections of the lungs.

Answer 28

Pneumonia

Question 29

5 types of pneumonia

Answer 29

aspiration
bronchopneumonia
lobar
viral
pneumthorax

Question 30

is caused by aspiration of a foreign object or food into the lungs, which irritates into the bronchi, resulting in edema

Answer 30

Aspiration Pneumonia

Question 31

bronchitis of both lungs that most commonly is caused by Streptococcus or Staphylococcus bacteria.

Answer 31

Bronchopneumonia

Question 32

generally is confined to one or two lobes of the lungs

Answer 32

Lobar Pneumonia

Question 33

causes inflammation of the alveoli and connecting lung structures

Answer 33

Viral (interstitial) Pneumonia

Question 34

an accumulation of air in the pleural space that causes partial or complete collapse of that lung and results in immediate and severe shortness of breath and chest pain

Answer 34

Pneumothorax

Question 35

condition of excess fluid within the lung that most frequently is caused by a backup in pulmonary circulation commonly associated with congestive heart failure.

Answer 35

Pulmonary Edema

Question 36

(commonly called hyaline membrane disease in infants and adult respiratory distress syndrome in adults) an emergency condition in which the alveoli and capillaries of the lung are injured or infected, resulting in leakage of fluid and blood into the spaces between alveoli or into the alveoli themselves with formation of hyaline membranes.

Answer 36

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)

Question 37

a contagious disease (potentially fatal) that is caused by airborne bacteria.

Answer 37

Tuberculosis (TB)

Question 38

refers to TB that occurs in persons who have never had the disease before.

Answer 38

Primary TB

Question 39

usually develops in adults and generally is first evident on radiography bilaterally in the upper lobes as irregular calcifications that are mottled in appearance.

Answer 39

Reactivation (secondary) TB

Question 40

also called “black lung pneumoconiosis”. caused by deposits of coal dust

Answer 40

Anthracosis

Question 41

caused by inhalation of asbestos dust (fibers) that result in pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 41

Asbestosis

Question 42

a permanent condition of the lungs that is caused by inhalation of silica (quartz) dust.

Answer 42

Silicosis

Question 43

Congenital condition where viscera is reversed or “mirrored” from their normal positions

Answer 43

Situs Inversus

Question 44

In Situs Inversus what only involves the heart

Answer 44

Dextrocardia