Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 classifications of Antineoplastic agents?

A
  1. Cell cycle non-specific drugs
  2. Cell cycle specific drugs
  3. Tissue-specific agents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 types of cell cycle non-specific agents?

A
  1. Alkylating agents

2. Antineoplastic antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do antineoplastic antibiotics work?

A

cytotoxic antibiotics are toxic to bacterial cells as well as other cells. They prevent reproduction of RNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antineoplastic antibiotics are a cell cycle _____ drug.

A

non-specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Doxorubicin is a ______drug

A

antibiotic-type antineoplastic-cytotoxic antibiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Red urine and cardiac toxicity are ADRs of what drug?

A

Doxorubicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are S phase cell cycle specific drugs?

A

MTX is an antimetabolite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What drugs target the M phase of the cell cycle?

A

Mitotic poisons - Vincristine and Vinblastine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True/False: Vincristine and Vinblastine can be given SC.

A

False. They are IV only.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vincristine and Vinblastine can cause _______ toxicity.

A

Neurological.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does MTX treat, as well as cancer?

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MTX targets rapidly ________ cells. Such as ____ ,____ and ____.

A

proliferating, hair, bone marrow, GI tract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the antidote for MTX?

A

Leucovorin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What drug is a folic acid antagoist?

A

MTX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the precautions regarding MTX and conception?

A

MTX is a folic acid antagonist and also attacks proliferating cells - including the fetus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is combination therapy recommended?

A

To broaden the treatment to cover the whole cell cycle. To reduce toxicity, as dose can be lower. To reduce the chance of drug resistance developing.

17
Q

What are tissue specific agents?

A

Hormonal antineoplastic agents, such as Selective Oestrogen, Receptor Modulator (SERM)

18
Q

What drug is effective for ER+ breast cancer?

A

Tamoxifen.

19
Q

Tamoxifen is an estrogen blocker on the breast, but what effect does it have on other parts of the body?

A

It is an oestrogen agonist on the bone and endometrium. This can result in uterine cancer.

20
Q

Cell proliferation in ER- breast cancer is not controlled by ____ or inhibited by ______.

A

Oestrogen, Tamoxifen.

21
Q

What does bone pain indicate when taking Tamoxifen?

A

That the drug is having its correct effect.

22
Q

Thrombosis is a adverse effect of what antineoplastic agent?

A

Tamoxifen.

23
Q

What antineoplastic agent causes a dry cough?

A

MTX

24
Q

What is the purpose of a drug-free period?

A

It allows the bone marrow to recover.

25
Q

What tests should be conducted during the course of chemotherapy?

A

Haematological profiles, liver and renal function.

26
Q

What class of antiemetics is preferable during chemotherapy?

A

Serotonin antagonists, such as ondansetron.

27
Q

Why must NSAID use be avoiding during chemo?

A

The GI lining is affected allowing more damage.

28
Q

What effect does bone marrow suppression have?

A

Interferes with WBC, RBC and platelet formation. This results in immune suppression, anaemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia.