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Grade 10 Science > chemistry unit test; chapter 4 > Flashcards

chemistry unit test; chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

an ion is:

A

a charged particle formed from the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

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2
Q

an ionic compound is:

A

a compound composed of oppositely charged ions.

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3
Q

a cation is:

A

a positively charged ion.

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4
Q

an anion is:

A

a negatively charged ion.

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5
Q

a valence electron is:

A

an electron in the outermost occupied energy level.

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6
Q

a binary ionic compound is:

A

a compound composed of a metal cation and a non-metal anion.

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7
Q

a ternary compound is:

A

a compound composed of three different elements.

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8
Q

a polyatomic ion is:

A

an ion composed of more than one atom.

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9
Q

an atom becomes positively charged when it-

A

-loses one or more of its electrons.

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10
Q

an atom becomes negatively charged when it-

A

-gains one or more of its electrons.

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11
Q

a stable octet is when:

A

ions form a full outer energy level and become more stable.

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12
Q

the suffix used when naming binary ionic compounds is:

A

-ide

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13
Q

multi-valent metals are:

A

metals with more than one charge.

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14
Q

you can tell a metal is a multi-valent metal when-

A

-it has a roman numeral beside it in brackets.

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15
Q

the two suffixes for polyatomic ions are:

A

-ite or -ate.

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16
Q

the three polyatomic ions that don’t end with -ite or -ate are:

A

ammonium, hydroxide, and peroxide.

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17
Q

the chemical formula for hydroxide is:

A

OH−

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18
Q

the chemical formula for ammonium is:

A

NH₄⁺

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19
Q

the chemical formula for nitrate is:

A

NO⁻ ₃

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20
Q

the chemical formula for phosphate is:

A

PO₄³⁻

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21
Q

the chemical formula for sulfate is:

A

SO₄²-

22
Q

the chemical formula for sulfite is:

A

SO²⁻ ₃

23
Q

a molecular compound is:

A

a compound formed when atoms of two or more different elements share electrons.

24
Q

a molecule is:

A

a neutral particle composed of two or more atoms joined together by covalent bonds.

25
Q

molecular compounds are also known as-

A

-covalent compounds.

26
Q

a binary molecular compound is:

A

a compound that is composed of two non-metals joined by one or more covalent bonds.

27
Q

the prefix for one is:

A

mono-

28
Q

the prefix for two is:

A

di-

29
Q

the prefix for three is:

A

tri-

30
Q

the prefix for four is:

A

tetra-

31
Q

the prefix for five is:

A

penta-

32
Q

the prefix for six is:

A

hexa-

33
Q

the prefix for seven is:

A

hepta-

34
Q

the prefix for eight is:

A

octa-

35
Q

the prefix in the name of a molecular compound tells you:

A

the ratio of atoms for each element.

36
Q

carbon tetrahydride is also known as:

A

methane.

37
Q

nitrogen trihydride is also known as:

A

ammonia.

38
Q

a reactant is:

A

a pure substance that undergoes a chemical change.

39
Q

a product is:

A

a pure substance that is formed in a chemical change; the properties of the product are different from the properties of the reactants.

40
Q

a chemical reaction is:

A

a process in which new substances with new properties are formed.

41
Q

the two rules that make up the Law of Conservation of Mass are:

A
  1. in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the products is always the same as the total mass of the reactant.
  2. matter cannot be gained or lost during a chemical reaction.
42
Q

a chemical equation is:

A

a representation of what happens to the reactants and products during a chemical reaction.

43
Q

the three types of chemical equations are:

A

word equations, skeleton equations, and balanced equations.

44
Q

in a word equation:

A

the name of each reactant is written to the left of the arrow and the name of each product to the right of the arrow (ie, hydrogen + oxygen —> water).

45
Q

in a skeleton equation:

A

the name of the element in the word equation is replaced with chemical formulas (ie, H₂ + O₂ —> H₂O)

46
Q

in a balanced equation:

A

the elements are written with chemical formulas and have the same number of atoms of each element on each side (2H₂ + O₂ —> 2H₂O)

47
Q

a coefficient is:

A

a number that is placed in front of a chemical formula in a balanced equation.

48
Q

the four abbreviations used to identify the states of substances are:

A

(s), (g), (aq), and (ℓ).

49
Q

(s) stands for:

A

solid.

50
Q

(g) stands for:

A

gas.

51
Q

(aq) stands for:

A

aqueous liquid.

52
Q

(ℓ) stands for:

A

liquid.

Grade 10 Science (5 decks)

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