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GCSE Science Edexcel 2016 Onwards > Chemistry - Topic 3 - Chemical Changes > Flashcards

Chemistry - Topic 3 - Chemical Changes Flashcards

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1
Q

What ion do all acids produce in solution?

A

H+

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2
Q

What ion do all alkalis produce in solution?

A

OH-

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3
Q

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

A

7

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4
Q

What is the pH of an acid solution

A

1-6

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5
Q

What is the pH of an alkaline solution?

A

8-14

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6
Q

A 10cm3 solution of hydrochloric acid with a pH of 1 is made up to 1000cm3 with water. What is the new pH?

A

3 (every time it is diluted by 10 decreases the pH by 1)

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7
Q

Describe how a student could investigate how the pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid changes when small portions of calcium oxide are added.

A
  • Use universal indicator paper or pH meter
  • Add small amounts of calcium oxide and stir
  • Measure the pH after each addition
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8
Q

What is a base?

A

A substance which reacts with an acid to form a salt and water

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9
Q

What is the difference between a dilute and concentrated acid?

A

A concentrated acid contains more H+ ions

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10
Q

What is the difference between a strong and weak acid?

A

A strong acid ionises fully

A weak acid ionises partially to release H+ ions

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11
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A base that dissolves in water to release OH- ions

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12
Q

State the general reaction between metals and acids

A

Metal + Acid –> Salt + Hydrogen

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13
Q

State the general reaction between metal oxides and acids

A

Metal oxide + acid -> Salt + Water

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14
Q

State the general reaction between metals hydroxides and acids

A

Metal hydroxide + acid –> Salt + water

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15
Q

State the general reaction between metal carbonates and acids

A

Metal carbonate + acid –> Salt + carbon dioxide + water

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16
Q

Describe the test for hydrogen

A

Burn with a lit spill

It makes a squeaky pop

17
Q

Describe the test for carbon dioxide

A

Bubble through lime water

Lime water turns cloud/white ppt. formed

18
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

The reaction of an acid and base to form a salt and water

19
Q

What is the general, ionic, equation for neutralisation

A

H+ + OH- -> H2O

GCSE Science Edexcel 2016 Onwards (11 decks)

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